{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T15:27:30Z","timestamp":1774020450968,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Shoulder dislocations represent 50 percent of all major joint dislocations, with anterior dislocation being most common accounting for up to 97% of all shoulder dislocations. The shoulder is inherently unstable because the shallow glenoid fossa articulates with only a small portion of the humeral head. Various techniques are available for reduction, with Kocher\u2019s being widely practiced. However, both the Kocher and Hippocratic techniques are linked to complications like axillary nerve injury and humeral fractures. Traditional\n Vaidyas<\/jats:italic>\n utilize several techniques, notably one similar to the rarely used Milch technique, which has been in practice for over 70 years. Studies show that the Milch technique demonstrates a higher success rate and a shorter time to achieve reduction without sedation compared with the Stimson technique. This review paper aims to investigate the integration of traditional healing practices, specifically\n Marma Chikitsa<\/jats:italic>\n manipulation, with contemporary scientific principles.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:title>\n The relevant papers regarding shoulder joint dislocation were reviewed from scholarly articles.<\/jats:p>\n \n The concept of\n Amsa sandhimok\u015ba<\/jats:italic>\n was reviewed in various Ayurvedic treatises.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n Marma<\/jats:italic>\n manipulation technique closely resembles the Milch technique in its biomechanical principle of utilizing leverage and controlled positioning rather than forceful traction, thereby facilitating effective correction with minimal pain and reduced need for sedation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n The various methods for addressing anterior shoulder joint dislocation should be carefully considered.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n It is reported to be relatively atraumatic and painless, with a success rate comparable to more established methods.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1778769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:13:07Z","timestamp":1774015987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Traditional wisdom through scientific evidence: a review of Marma manipulation in Amsa sandhimok\u015ba (shoulder joint dislocation) with a special focus on the Milch method"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sruthi","family":"Chenganakattil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Shalya Tantra, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Kollam","place":["Kerala, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumya","family":"Mohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Shalya Tantra, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Kollam","place":["Kerala, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyam","family":"Vinayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Shalya Tantra, Amrita School of Ayurveda, Kollam","place":["Kerala, India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8520.169001","article-title":"Science of marma (in Ayurvedic diagnosis and treatment).","volume":"36","author":"Nishteswar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ayu."},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Shoulder Dislocations Overview.","author":"Abrams","year":"2025"},{"key":"B3","first-page":"2164","article-title":"Orthopaedics in ayurveda - bhagna chikitsa a review article.","volume":"5","author":"Suresh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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Ayurvedic Herbal Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.01.004","article-title":"Milch versus stimson technique for nonsedated reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation: a prospective randomized trial and analysis of factors affecting success.","volume":"21","author":"Amar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.17511\/ijmrr.2020.i02.12","article-title":"A meta-analytic comparison of 8 methods of closed anterior shoulder dislocation reduction.","volume":"8","author":"Sadikot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v5.i1.57","article-title":"Neurovascular complications due to the hippocrates method for reducing anterior shoulder dislocations.","volume":"5","author":"Markus","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Orthopedics"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.01.004","article-title":"Milch versus stimson technique for nonsedated reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation: a prospective randomized trial and analysis of factors affecting success.","volume":"21","author":"Eyal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S11102","article-title":"Cold and compression in the management of musculoskeletal injuries and orthopedic operative procedures: a narrative review.","volume":"1","author":"Block","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Access J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acepjo.2024.100017","article-title":"An innovative traction-free drugless approach to reduce anterior shoulder dislocation: axillary massage technique.","volume":"6","author":"Yuksel","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACEP Open."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1778769\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:13:08Z","timestamp":1774015988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1778769\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1778769"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1778769","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"article-number":"1778769"}}