{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T06:18:15Z","timestamp":1783491495447,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the predictive efficacy of Ki-67 antigen (Ki-67), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) levels on the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 720 breast cancer patients receiving NAC at our hospital from September 2022 to December 2024 were selected. Based on efficacy assessment results, they were divided into a responder group (536 cases) and a non-responder group (184 cases). Clinical data were collected for both groups, and the expression of Ki-67, ER, and PR in cancer tissues was detected to compare their differences. Logistic analysis was used to examine the impact of Ki-67, ER, and PR on NAC effectiveness. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the predictive efficacy of Ki-67, ER, and PR levels on NAC outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was no significant difference in age and BMI between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05); however, significant differences were observed in clinical stage and molecular subtype (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). The expression of Ki-67, ER, and PR also differed significantly between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). Clinical stage (III), ER positivity, and PR positivity were identified as independent risk factors for NAC ineffectiveness (poor response), while high Ki-67 expression was an independent predictor of favorable response to NAC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). The combined detection of Ki-67+ER+PR showed higher area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity in predicting NAC effectiveness compared to individual detection of Ki-67, ER, or PR. The combined Ki-67+ER+PR model achieved an AUC of 0.853 (95% CI 0.817\u20130.884), with a sensitivity of 82.1% and a specificity of 78.9%, clearly outperforming Ki-67 alone (AUC 0.786) as well as ER and PR alone (AUC 0.652 and 0.638, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The levels of Ki-67, ER, and PR before NAC treatment in breast cancer patients were associated with NAC efficacy. A combined Ki-67+ER+PR model showed better apparent discrimination than any single marker in this cohort, but its added clinical value over Ki-67 alone appears incremental and requires further validation before it can be used as a stand-alone clinical decision-making tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1780629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:54:24Z","timestamp":1783490064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study on the predictive efficacy of Ki-67, ER, and PR levels on the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University","place":["Changchun, Jilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University","place":["Changchun, Jilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21820","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2024","volume":"74","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J 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