{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T03:07:17Z","timestamp":1773198437693,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the efficacy and safety of ciprofol for general anesthesia in pediatric strabismus correction surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 108 pediatric patients aged 4\u201312\u202fyears scheduled for strabismus correction surgery were randomly divided into two groups: the ciprofol group (Group C) and the propofol group (Group P). For anesthesia induction, Group C received an intravenous injection of ciprofol 0.5\u202fmg\/kg, alfentanil 20\u202f\u03bcg\/kg, and vecuronium bromide 0.05\u202fmg\/kg; Group P received an intravenous injection of propofol 2\u202fmg\/kg, alfentanil 20\u202f\u03bcg\/kg, and vecuronium bromide 0.05\u202fmg\/kg. After successful induction, a laryngeal mask airway was inserted and mechanical ventilation was initiated. For anesthesia maintenance, Group C was given a continuous intravenous infusion of ciprofol 1.25\u202fmg\/kg\/h and alfentanil 40\u202f\u03bcg\/kg\/h, while Group P received a continuous intravenous infusion of propofol 5\u202fmg\/kg\/h and alfentanil 40\u202f\u03bcg\/kg\/h. At the end of surgery, the infusion of anesthetic drugs was stopped, and the laryngeal mask airway was removed after the patients regained consciousness. The primary outcome measure was the anesthesia success rate. The secondary outcome measures included hemodynamic changes at different time points, induction time, emergence time, and the incidence of perioperative adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The anesthesia success rate was 100% in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in hemodynamic changes at different time points, operation time, and emergence time between the two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in Group C was significantly lower than that in Group P (20.00% vs. 59.18%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ciprofol can be safely used for general anesthesia in pediatric strabismus correction surgery, with non-inferior anesthesia success rate compared with propofol and a lower incidence of adverse reactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier ChiCTR2300078654.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1790750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T06:42:31Z","timestamp":1773124951000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for general anesthesia in pediatric strabismus correction surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Eye Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongyi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Eye Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongfa","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Eye Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunfeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Eye Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fanceng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital","place":["Weifang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-4695.2021.01.029","article-title":"Analysis of factors influencing poor recovery of binocular vision function in children with concomitant strabismus after correction","volume":"39","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7151","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S539028","article-title":"Comparison of ciprofol versus propofol for the general anaesthesia during gynecological day surgery","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel 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pharmacodynamic properties of ciprofol emulsion in Chinese subjects","volume":"13","author":"Teng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s44158-024-00159-1","article-title":"Ciprofol as compared to propofol for sedation and general anesthesia: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"4","author":"Curro","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Anesth Analg Crit Care"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00890-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of HSK3486 for anesthesia\/sedation in patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy: a multicenter, double-blind, propofol-controlled, randomized, phase 3 study","volume":"36","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.14109\/j.cnki.xyylc.2025.06.03","article-title":"Comparison of the safety and efficacy of propofol and cyclopropofol in anesthesia for adenoidectomy in children","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin J New Drugs Clin Rem"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.4103\/sja.sja_898_21","article-title":"Ciprofol-a game changing intravenous anesthetic or another experimental drug","volume":"16","author":"Nair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01782-7","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of ciprofol use for the induction of general anesthesia in patients undergoing gynecological surgery","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-023-02051-x","article-title":"Study on the effectiveness and safety of ciprofol in anesthesia in gynecological day surgery","volume":"23","author":"Man","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-018-0672-3","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol","volume":"57","author":"Sahinovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33249","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000033249","article-title":"Effect of low-dose propofol combined with dexamethasone on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in gynaecological day surgery under remimazolam-based general anesthesia","volume":"102","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612322","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1612322","article-title":"Effect of low-dose ciprofol on postoperative nausea and vomiting following gynecologic day surgery","volume":"12","author":"Shi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1790750\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T06:42:33Z","timestamp":1773124953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1790750\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1790750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1790750","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"article-number":"1790750"}}