{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T05:43:21Z","timestamp":1776059001504,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extramedullary haematopoiesis is a rare compensatory phenomenon occurring in haematologic disorders such as thalassaemia. While typically asymptomatic, it can rarely lead to life-threatening complications, including spontaneous haemothorax.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 60-year-old man with beta-thalassaemia major and a history of extramedullary haematopoiesis presented to the emergency department with acute chest pain, dyspnoea, and hypotension. Imaging revealed a massive left haemothorax secondary to bleeding from a paravertebral extramedullary haematopoiesis mass. The patient was managed with chest tube drainage, vasopressor support, blood transfusions, and low-dose radiotherapy targeted at the bleeding site.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Haemothorax is an exceptional complication of extramedullary haematopoiesis. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, and management combines haemodynamic stabilization, surgical or radiological intervention, and long-term control of haematopoiesis. Radiotherapy plays a key role in preventing recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights the importance of recognizing extramedullary haematopoiesis as a potential cause of spontaneous haemothorax in patients with thalassaemia and underscores the value of a multidisciplinary approach involving intensive care, hematology, thoracic surgery, and radiation oncology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1806378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T04:47:37Z","timestamp":1776055657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: life-threatening haemothorax due to extramedullary haematopoiesis in a patient with Beta-thalassaemia major"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Louis","family":"W\u00e9ry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Department of Emergency Medicine","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Niessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois\u2014Critical Care Department","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilien","family":"Ruchonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Thoracic Surgery Department","place":["Lausanne, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joao","family":"Pinto Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois\u2014Critical Care Department","place":["Lausanne, 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