{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:19:03Z","timestamp":1793301543744,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by mucosal inflammation, oxidative stress, and iron metabolism dysregulation. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, may contribute to the pathogenesis of UC. Transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), a key mediator of cellular iron uptake, links iron dysregulation to inflammation and ferroptosis; however, its clinical relevance in UC is not well defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum samples were collected from 83 patients with active UC and 80 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Disease activity was assessed using the modified Mayo score. Serum TFR1, inflammatory cytokine, coagulation indices, oxidative stress marker, and ferroptosis-related antioxidant levels were measured. Correlations and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the associations and diagnostic performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum TFR1 levels were significantly higher in patients with UC than in controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) and increased progressively with disease severity. TFR1 showed positive correlations with the Mayo score (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.510), inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.350), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.406), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.471), and interleukin-6 (IL-6;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.432), coagulation parameters, including platelet count (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.225), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.451), and D-dimer (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.447), serum iron (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.267), and lipid peroxidation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.315), and negative correlations with the antioxidant defenses glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f\u22120.236) and glutathione (GSH;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f\u22120.302). ROC analysis demonstrated that serum TFR1 distinguished patients with UC from controls, with an AUC of 0.795 at a cutoff of 4.8\u202fng\/mL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated serum TFR1 levels are associated with UC severity, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis-related imbalance. These findings suggest that TFR1 is a potential biomarker for UC activity and highlight iron-driven ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic target, providing novel clinical insights into disease monitoring and management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1812623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:54:13Z","timestamp":1780462453000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Elevated TFR1 is associated with inflammatory burden and ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieru","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingmei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.22037\/ghfbb.v18i2.3105","article-title":"Global prevalence and incidence of inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies","volume":"18","author":"Heydari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08940-0","article-title":"Global evolution of inflammatory bowel disease across epidemiologic stages","volume":"642","author":"Hracs","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-025-11124-8","article-title":"The gut immune axis in ulcerative colitis: insights from microbiome 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