{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T05:38:52Z","timestamp":1776836332904,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project","award":["25M SZX567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25M SZX567"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Program","award":["SCJJ25 RKX125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCJJ25 RKX125"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In recent years, the application of dietary supplements in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) has attracted more and more scholars\u2019 attention, and a number of studies have shown that dietary supplements have a non-negligible role in improving the clinical symptoms and quality of life of UC patients. This article aims to compare the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement therapy of UC through a comprehensive network meta-analysis method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of science, from their inception up to 30 October 2025. Network and routine meta-analyses using the mvmeta package in Stata 16.0 and Stata 12.0 software, and literature quality and risk of bias assessed using RevMan 5.3 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 24 randomized controlled trials were conducted with 1,491 participants and 14 dietary supplements. The results showed that probiotics [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22121.64, 95% CI (\u22122.91 to \u22120.38)] and selenium [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22122.43, 95% CI (\u22124.85 to \u22120.01)] had significant advantages compared with conventional medical treatment or placebo in reducing clinical activity index. Flaxseed extract [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22121.53, 95% CI (\u22122.82 to \u22120.24)] and vitamin A [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22121.93, 95% CI (\u22123.82 to \u22120.04)] had a clear advantage over conventional medical treatment or placebo in reducing the Mayo score; at the same time, in terms of IBDQ, probiotics [MD\u202f=\u202f7.78, 95% CI (1.39 to 14.17)], flaxseed extract [MD\u202f=\u202f8.58, 95% CI (2.31 to 14.85)], resveratrol [MD\u202f=\u202f9.18, 95% CI (2.45 to 15.91)], curcumin [MD\u202f=\u202f25.80, 95% CI (2.00 to 49.60)], butyrate [MD\u202f=\u202f20.50, 95% CI (9.80, 31.20)] with higher scores compared to conventional drugs or placebo, indicating an improved quality of life for patients; synbiotics [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.69, 95% CI (\u22121.16 to \u22120.23)], flaxseed extract [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.8, 95% CI (\u22121.16 to \u22120.44)], and\n                      <jats:italic>Achillea wilhelmsii<\/jats:italic>\n                      [MD\u202f=\u202f\u22122.95, 95% CI (\u22123.52 to \u22122.38)] all showed significant advantages compared with conventional medical therapy or placebo for reducing C-reactive protein levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Various dietary supplements have shown differentiated efficacy in adjuvant UC therapy. Probiotics and selenium are effective in improving clinical symptoms; flaxseed extract showed consistent benefits in improving Mayo score, IBDQ score, and reducing CRP, ESR, and FCAL, and had a wide range of application prospects. Butyrate and curcumin have significant effects in improving quality of life; synbiotics and\n                      <jats:italic>Achillea wilhelmsii<\/jats:italic>\n                      have outstanding advantages in reducing CRP. Due to the limitations of the number and quality of included studies, the above conclusions still need to be validated by more high-quality, large-sample RCTs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1816535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:41:20Z","timestamp":1776832880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of dietary supplements for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, a network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]},{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]},{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]},{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College","place":["Nanchong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000003463","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline update: ulcerative colitis in adults","volume":"120","author":"Rubin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.34","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for IBD","volume":"12","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000587","article-title":"Multiyear patterns of serum inflammatory biomarkers and risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"22","author":"Koutroubakis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5363261","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5363261","article-title":"Risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2019","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116879","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine: a promising strategy to regulate the imbalance of bacterial flora, impaired intestinal barrier and immune function attributed to ulcerative colitis through intestinal microecology","volume":"318","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.10.065","article-title":"Selecting end points for disease-modification trials in inflammatory bowel disease: the SPIRIT consensus from the IOIBD","volume":"160","author":"Le Berre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.12.031","article-title":"STRIDE-II: an update on the selecting therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease (STRIDE) initiative of the international organization for the study of IBD (IOIBD): determining therapeutic goals for treat-to-target strategies in IBD","volume":"160","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122469","article-title":"Nutrition and supplementation in ulcerative colitis","volume":"14","author":"Radziszewska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666151112145033","article-title":"Dietary supplement therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"22","author":"Parian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6836942","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6836942","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of vitamin d adjuvant therapy for ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"2022","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput Math Methods Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuab017","article-title":"Synbiotics improve clinical indicators of ulcerative colitis: systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"80","author":"Rufino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115041","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of adjuvant curcumin therapy in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"289","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14911","article-title":"Efficacy of adjuvant curcumin therapy in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35689","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000035689","article-title":"Comparative of the effectiveness and safety of biological agents, small molecule drugs, and microbiome therapies in ulcerative colitis: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16795","article-title":"Gut microbiome-targeted therapies as adjuvant treatments in inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-019-00595-4","article-title":"A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a multi-strain probiotic in patients with asymptomatic ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Bjarnason","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2008.11.017","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of synbiotic versus probiotic or prebiotic treatment to improve the quality of life in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"25","author":"Fujimori","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e158147","DOI":"10.5812\/jjnpp-158147","article-title":"A randomized, placebo-controlled study investigating the impact of \u03b1-pinene on symptom relief, quality of life and inflammatory markers in individuals with ulcerative colitis","volume":"20","author":"Malekpour","year":"2025","journal-title":"Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2015.05.005","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"46","author":"Samsami-Kor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.08.008","article-title":"Curcumin maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Hanai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3069","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03207-8","article-title":"Does probiotic supplementation improve quality of life in mild-to-moderately active ulcerative colitis patients in Jordan? A secondary outcome of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"62","author":"Rayyan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6606","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-21-1056","article-title":"Effect of probiotics supplementation combined with WeChat platform health management on nutritional status, inflammatory factors, and quality of life in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized trial","volume":"10","author":"Ou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2019.07.012","article-title":"Effects of flaxseed and flaxseed oil supplement on serum levels of inflammatory markers, metabolic parameters and severity of disease in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"46","author":"Morshedzadeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101504","article-title":"Effects of Mediterranean diet, curcumin, and resveratrol on mild-to-moderate active ulcerative colitis: a multicenter randomized clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Do\u011fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02203-z","article-title":"Effects of short-chain fatty acid-butyrate supplementation on expression of circadian-clock genes, sleep quality, and inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Firoozi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04400-w","article-title":"Effects of spirulina supplementation in patients with ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial","volume":"24","author":"Moradi","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2019.05.001","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a standardized extract from Achillea wilhelmsii C. koch in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"45","author":"Amiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17387","article-title":"Efficacy of 1-kestose supplementation in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"57","author":"Ikegami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12553","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotic treatment with Bifidobacterium longum 536 for induction of remission in active ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial","volume":"28","author":"Tamaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig Endosc"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.21608\/aeji.2020.22560.1048","article-title":"Efficacy of vitamin B6 supplementation on inflammatory markers, serum homocysteine level, fecal calprotectin and clinical outcomes among patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized double blind clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Alavinejad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Afro-Egypt J Infect Endem Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.08.020","article-title":"Probiotic supplementation induces remission and changes in the immunoglobulins and inflammatory response in active ulcerative colitis patients: a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"51","author":"Agraib","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2004.02268.x","article-title":"Randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing the effect of bifidobacteria-fermented milk on active ulcerative colitis","volume":"20","author":"Kato","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2016.07.003","article-title":"Resveratrol supplementation and oxidative\/anti-oxidative status in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"47","author":"Samsamikor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03214-9","article-title":"The effect of selenium supplementation on disease activity and immune-inflammatory biomarkers in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Khazdouz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4035","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14035","article-title":"The effects of flaxseed supplementation on gene expression and inflammation in ulcerative colitis patients: an open-labelled randomised controlled trial","volume":"75","author":"Morshedzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.31989\/ffhd.v13i11.1098","article-title":"The effects of probiotics in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized controlled double blind clinical trial","volume":"13","author":"Tamizifar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Funct Foods Health Dis"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2009.07.016","article-title":"The probiotic preparation, VSL#3 induces remission in patients with mild-to-moderately active ulcerative colitis","volume":"7","author":"Sood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2018.09.026","article-title":"Vitamin A supplementation decreases disease activity index in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"41","author":"Shirazi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2018.12.021","article-title":"Zingiber officinale and oxidative stress in patients with ulcerative colitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Nikkhah-Bodaghi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-021-02603-2","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation on blood markers in ulcerative colitis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i1.5","article-title":"Relationship between intestinal microbiota and ulcerative colitis: mechanisms and clinical application of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13661","article-title":"Modulation of gut mucosal microbiota as a mechanism of probiotics-based adjunctive therapy for ulcerative colitis","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2023.109505","article-title":"Progress on the mechanisms of Lactobacillus plantarum to improve intestinal barrier function in ulcerative colitis","volume":"124","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10171","DOI":"10.1039\/d2fo02303b","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum HNU082 alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through regulating gut microbiome","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1045","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.1045","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into the role of probiotics in modulating immune cells in ulcerative colitis","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0165122","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01651-22","article-title":"Probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum HNU082) supplementation relieves ulcerative colitis by affecting intestinal barrier functions, immunity-related gene expression, gut microbiota, and metabolic pathways in mice","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectrum"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-025-00663-4","article-title":"Bifidobacterium longum NSP001-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate ulcerative colitis by modulating t cell responses in gut microbiota-(in)dependent manners","volume":"11","author":"Nie","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BSR20180943","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180943","article-title":"Probiotics combined with aminosalicylic acid affiliates remission of ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Peng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2024.102467","article-title":"Selenium inhibits ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis through the induction of Nrf2\/Gpx4","volume":"48","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16738","article-title":"Selenium alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and inhibits ferroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells via upregulating glutathione peroxidase 4","volume":"39","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.028","article-title":"Selenium-containing tea polysaccharides ameliorate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via enhancing the intestinal barrier and regulating the gut microbiota","volume":"209","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955112","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.955112","article-title":"Selenium-enriched Bifidobacterium longum DD98 effectively ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2016.04.043","article-title":"Flaxseed extract exhibits mucosal protective effect in acetic acid induced colitis in mice by modulating cytokines, antioxidant and antiinflammatory mechanisms","volume":"38","author":"Palla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.259","article-title":"Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota","volume":"166","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-015-0553-3","article-title":"PF2405, standardized fraction of Scutellaria baicalensis, ameliorates colitis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"38","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.12.029","article-title":"Red Ginseng and Semen Coicis can improve the structure of gut microbiota and relieve the symptoms of ulcerative colitis","volume":"162","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.07.023","article-title":"Sodium butyrate inhibits the NF-kappa b signaling pathway and histone deacetylation, and attenuates experimental colitis in an IL-10 independent manner","volume":"51","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1080\/08820139.2025.2556790","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of butyrate modulating Treg\/Th17 balance in UC through cAMP-PKA\/mTOR axis","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Immunol Investig"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2023.166984","article-title":"Butyrate ameliorated ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis through modulating nrf2\/GPX4 signal pathway and improving intestinal barrier","volume":"1870","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol basis Dis"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0337214","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0337214","article-title":"Butyrate ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by facilitating autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells and modulating the gut microbiota through blocking the PI3k-AKT-mTOR pathway","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21894","article-title":"Impaired butyrate oxidation in ulcerative colitis is due to decreased butyrate uptake and a defect in the oxidation pathway","volume":"18","author":"De Preter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz119","article-title":"Intestinal inflammation modulates the epithelial response to butyrate in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"26","author":"Ferrer-Pic\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1816535\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T04:41:24Z","timestamp":1776832884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1816535\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1816535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1816535","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"article-number":"1816535"}}