{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T06:03:47Z","timestamp":1784527427335,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is currently the leading cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The immune response plays a central role in disease onset and progression and is the focus of many experimental studies. However, traditional models typically rely on terminal sampling procedures that require large tissue quantities, a substantial number of animals per experimental condition, and cross-sectional study designs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Here, we propose integrating two powerful techniques to longitudinally study a MASLD animal model: image-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This framework enables safe, high-precision longitudinal sampling of a limited number of animals, allowing simultaneous profiling of innate and adaptive immune cells during metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) progression induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol, and high-fructose diet. We further identified dynamic shifts in the hepatic immune landscape following dietary intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings support the feasibility of the FNA\u2013scRNA-seq framework as a novel tool for longitudinal immune profiling in preclinical MASLD and MASH studies and highlight its potential to reduce animal use in chronic liver disease research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1817738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T05:35:48Z","timestamp":1784525748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating fine needle aspiration and single-cell RNA sequencing for studying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Salomon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Golden-Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivetta","family":"Vorobyova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary C.","family":"Kanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California","place":["Los Angeles, CA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Maretti-Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Keck 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