{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:47:53Z","timestamp":1782712073960,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the capacity of antioxidant defense systems to neutralize them. Both acute physical activity and hyperbaric oxygen exposure can influence redox homeostasis; however, their combined effects on systemic and tissue-specific oxidative status and trace element balance remain insufficiently understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on oxidative stress parameters, antioxidant defense mechanisms, and elemental homeostasis following acute physical activity in previously untrained rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control, physical activity (PA), hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO), and PA following HBO exposure (HBO\u202f+\u202fPA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Across most measured parameters, no significant interaction between HBO and PA was detected, suggesting that their effects act largely independently. Instead, several significant main effects were identified. In particular, HBO increased erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit, while erythrocyte indices remained unchanged, and were accompanied by increased total protein, albumin, and urea levels. HBO exerted a significant main effect on WBC count, while both HBO and PA were associated with lower lymphocyte counts. Systemic oxidative stress markers showed minimal alterations. An exception was catalase activity, which exhibited significant interaction. Nevertheless, distinct tissue-specific responses were observed. HBO was associated with increased lipid peroxidation in liver tissue, whereas in kidney tissue, HBO reduced lipid peroxidation and attenuated PA-associated depletion of sulfhydryl groups, highlighting organ-dependent redox modulation. Elemental findings further confirmed the predominance of main effects. In kidney tissue, HBO was linked to lower potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc and lead levels, while PA was associated with lower iron and arsenic concentrations, and both interventions contributed to decreased sodium and mercury levels. In liver tissue, both PA and HBO were associated with reduced sodium levels, whereas HBO was associated with lower potassium and PA with higher magnesium concentrations. Phosphorus, manganese, copper, cobalt, and selenium demonstrated significant main effects; however,\n                      <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                      analyses did not reveal specific differences between individual experimental groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, these findings suggest that short-term HBO and acute PA are associated with distinct organ-specific responses in redox balance and elemental homeostasis, predominantly through independent rather than interactive mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1820821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:39:43Z","timestamp":1782711583000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Organ-specific redox and trace element modulation and hematological adaptation following hyperbaric oxygenation and physical activity in rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Obradovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Nenadovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Mitovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rada","family":"Jeremic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Predrag","family":"Brkic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teodora F.","family":"Vidonja Uzelac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research \u201cSinisa Stankovic\u201d, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Una Jovana","family":"Vujacic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasa","family":"Jankovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrija","family":"Vukovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio R.","family":"De Luka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjin","family":"Kovacevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Nesovic Ostojic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade","place":["Belgrade, Serbia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470458","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2024.1470458","article-title":"Oxidative stress: fundamentals and advances in quantification techniques","volume":"12","author":"Krishnamurthy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Chem"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8416763","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8416763","article-title":"Oxidative stress: harms and benefits for human health","volume":"2017","author":"Pizzino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2020.04.001","article-title":"Exercise-induced oxidative stress: friend or foe?","volume":"9","author":"Powers","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17181","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24729","article-title":"Oxidative stress: role of physical exercise and antioxidant nutraceuticals in adulthood and aging","volume":"9","author":"Simoni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8713","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158713","article-title":"Effect of physical activity\/exercise on oxidative stress and inflammation in muscle and vascular aging","volume":"23","author":"El Assar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Indications","author":"Weaver","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"319","article-title":"Blood pressure, acid-base and blood gas status and indicators of oxidative stress in healthy male rats exposed to acute hyperbaric oxygenation","volume":"40","author":"Drenjan\u010devi\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"Undersea Hyperb Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00959","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.959","article-title":"An overview of protective strategies against ischemia\/reperfusion injury: the role of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning","volume":"8","author":"Hentia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.70322","volume-title":"Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment in Research and Clinical Practice: Mechanisms of Action in Focus","author":"Drenjan\u010devi\u0107","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7406027","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7406027","article-title":"Acute hyperbaric oxygenation, contrary to intermittent hyperbaric oxygenation, adversely affects vasorelaxation in healthy Sprague-Dawley rats due to increased oxidative stress","volume":"2018","author":"Mihaljevi\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2005.12.009","article-title":"Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer","volume":"160","author":"Valko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.003038","article-title":"Zinc biochemistry: from a single zinc enzyme to a key element of life","volume":"4","author":"Maret","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Nutr."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2005.07.013","article-title":"Relevance, essentiality and toxicity of trace elements in human health","volume":"26","author":"Fraga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2014.00014","article-title":"Zinc is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent: Its role in human health","volume":"1","author":"Prasad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61452-9","article-title":"Selenium and human health","volume":"379","author":"Rayman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.5628\/aehd.v4i2.125","article-title":"Acute aerobic swimming exercise increases nucleotidase activities in rat blood serum","volume":"4","author":"Senger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Exerc Health Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0226974","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226974","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning and the role of NADPH oxidase inhibition in postischemic acute kidney injury induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats","volume":"15","author":"Kovacevic","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3870","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073870","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen reduces oxidative stress impairment and DNA damage and simultaneously increases HIF-1\u03b1 in ischemia\u2013reperfusion acute kidney injury","volume":"25","author":"Nesovic Ostojic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","article-title":"Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction","volume":"95","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)74965-X","article-title":"Spectrophotometric studies: II. Preparations from washed blood cells; nitric oxide hemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin","volume":"112","author":"Drabkin","year":"1935","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)45228-9","article-title":"The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase","volume":"247","author":"Misra","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Red Cell Metabolism: a Manual of Biochemical Methods","author":"Beutler","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/43.4.562","article-title":"Antioxidative enzymes activities in human erythrocytes","volume":"43","author":"Andersen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1980.tb11254.x","article-title":"Peroxidative changes in brain cortical fatty acids and phospholipids, as characterized during Fe2+- and ascorbic acid-stimulated lipid peroxidation in vitro","volume":"34","author":"Rehncrona","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2023.127239","article-title":"Oligoelements in serum and intestinal tissue of pediatric IBD patients","volume":"79","author":"Makevic","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.22462\/7.8.2017.8","article-title":"Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on complete blood count","volume":"44","author":"Gunes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Undersea Hyperb Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12122043","article-title":"Comparing the blood response to hyperbaric oxygen with high-intensity interval training-a crossover study in healthy volunteers","volume":"12","author":"Kjellberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200232060-00002","article-title":"The human spleen during physiological stress","volume":"32","author":"Stewart","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.337997","article-title":"Hyperoxia and the cardiovascular system: experiences with hyperbaric oxygen therapy","volume":"12","author":"Schipke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.28920\/dhm52.4.260-270","article-title":"Effects of high oxygen tension on healthy volunteer microcirculation","volume":"52","author":"Cousin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diving Hyperb Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.4103\/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00107","article-title":"Application and progress of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"15","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medical Gas Research"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10060958","article-title":"The hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox","volume":"10","author":"Hadanny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010082","article-title":"The normobaric oxygen paradox\u2013hyperoxic hypoxic paradox: a novel expedient strategy in hematopoiesis clinical issues","volume":"24","author":"Salvagno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V72.3.970.bloodjournal723970","article-title":"Effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on megakaryocytes and on platelet production in the rat","volume":"72","author":"Berridge","year":"1988","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670455","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1670455","article-title":"Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on peripheral blood inflammatory markers in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2024.102330","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an immunomodulatory intervention in COVID-19-induced ARDS: exploring clinical outcomes and transcriptomic signatures in a randomised controlled trial","volume":"87","author":"Kjellberg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pulm Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00648","article-title":"Debunking the myth of exercise-induced immune suppression: redefining the impact of exercise on immunological health across the lifespan","volume":"9","author":"Campbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.4103\/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00091","article-title":"Variability in flow-induced vasodilation mechanisms in cerebral arteries: the impact of different hyperbaric oxygen protocols","volume":"15","author":"Drenjan\u010devi\u0107","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12361","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512361","article-title":"Oxidative stress response kinetics after 60 minutes at different (1.4 ATA and 2.5 ATA) hyperbaric hyperoxia exposures","volume":"24","author":"Leveque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13101032","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy counters oxidative stress\/inflammation-driven symptoms in long COVID-19 patients: preliminary outcomes","volume":"13","author":"Mrakic-Sposta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Meta"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3390\/life16010084","article-title":"The acute effects of high-intensity interval training on oxidative stress markers and phagocyte oxidative burst activity in young professional athletes and non-athlete university students","volume":"16","author":"Balogh","year":"2026","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4196\/kjpp.2023.27.1.9","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygenation applied before or after mild or hard stress: effects on the redox state in the muscle tissue","volume":"27","author":"P\u00e9rez-Castro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Korean J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12091653","article-title":"Oxidative stress in liver pathophysiology and disease","volume":"12","author":"Allameh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14121443","article-title":"Review of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjunctive intervention for metabolic disorders","volume":"14","author":"Kara\u015b","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826163","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.826163","article-title":"The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on markers of oxidative stress and the immune response in healthy volunteers","volume":"13","author":"De Wolde","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.24755","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in liver diseases","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00314","article-title":"Oxygen sensing by Na, K-ATPase: these miraculous thiols","volume":"7","author":"Bogdanova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3130","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2021010046","article-title":"Activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway inhibits epithelial sodium channel\u2013mediated sodium transport in collecting duct principal cells","volume":"32","author":"Dizin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10569","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10569-y","article-title":"Impact of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy (HBOT) on renal function in humans","volume":"15","author":"Kanowski","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2025.09.014","article-title":"Exercise and kidney health: core curriculum 2026","volume":"87","author":"Becerra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37497","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-21528-y","article-title":"Effects of different exercise levels on serum trace element concentrations","volume":"15","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s12576-017-0521-4","article-title":"Physiological roles of zinc transporters: molecular and genetic importance in zinc homeostasis","volume":"67","author":"Hara","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Physiol Sci"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-022-03166-x","article-title":"Zinc deficiency induces inflammation and apoptosis via oxidative stress in the kidneys of mice","volume":"201","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.22462\/07.08.2022.6","article-title":"Effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on liver and kidney tissue in chronic arsenic toxicity","volume":"49","author":"Ero\u011flu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Undersea Hyperb Med"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19074323","article-title":"Excretion of Ni, Pb, Cu, As, and Hg in sweat under two sweating conditions","volume":"19","author":"Kuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000083981","article-title":"Effect of heavy metals on, and handling by, the kidney","volume":"99","author":"Barbier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephron Physiol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-026-04997-8","article-title":"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy\u2014a potential therapy for macro- and trace elements\u2019 imbalance in patients with chronic kidney disease?","author":"Vukovic","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2026.127828","article-title":"Acute effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of the trace elements selenium, zinc, copper, and iron","volume":"94","author":"Simon","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37545","article-title":"Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling in heavy metals-induced oxidative stress","volume":"10","author":"Tripathi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4840","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054840","article-title":"The role of selected trace elements in oxidoreductive homeostasis in patients with thyroid diseases","volume":"24","author":"Wr\u00f3blewski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13050799","article-title":"Selenium and selenoproteins in health","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1820821\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T05:39:44Z","timestamp":1782711584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1820821\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1820821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1820821","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"article-number":"1820821"}}