{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:25:30Z","timestamp":1777861530942,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) frequently coexists with allergic rhinitis (AR), together known as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), but ocular symptoms are often underemphasized in efficacy assessments using composite scores. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and quantify the therapeutic effect of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy (HDM-SLIT) on ocular symptoms, providing targeted evidence for managing AC in HDM-sensitized patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The complete clinical data of 150 patients with ARC aged 6\u201359\u202fyears who started HDM-SLIT for 3\u202fyears between March 2020 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The level of the total nasal symptom score (TNSS), total ocular symptom score (TOSS), total medication score (TMS), combined score of medication and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms (CSMRS), the visual analog scale (VAS) score, and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) were evaluated at baseline, 1, 2, and 3\u202fyears of treatment. Additionally, the occurrence of adverse events (AEs) was used to evaluate its safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with baseline, significant improvements in TNSS, TOSS, TMS, CSMRS, and VAS scores were observed after 1, 2, and 3\u202fyears of SLIT (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Compared with 1-year results, TNSS, CSMRS, and VAS scores showed further improvements at 2 and 3\u202fyears (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). RQLQ scores improved significantly across all domains and age groups (6\u201311 years, 12\u201317 years, and \u226518 years groups) at all time points (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant difference in efficacy between the children and adult groups. Throughout the 3-year treatment period, no serious systemic AEs were reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three-year HDM-SLIT yields significant, sustained, and progressive improvements in clinical outcomes and quality of life in patients with ARC, along with significant improvements in ocular symptoms and a favorable safety profile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1834048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:23:16Z","timestamp":1777522996000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three-year sublingual immunotherapy for HDM-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: sustained ocular symptom improvement"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chenggang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (The Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), General Practice School of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (The Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), General Practice School of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (The Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), General Practice School of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (The Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), General Practice School of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (The Fifth Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University), General Practice School of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.22336\/rjo.2022.3","article-title":"Relationship between allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis) - review","volume":"66","author":"Iordache","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rom J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000176306","article-title":"Prevalence of self-reported allergic rhinitis in eleven major cities in China","volume":"149","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.01.004","article-title":"Chinese guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis","volume":"51","year":"2016","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-010-0087-1","article-title":"Allergic conjunctivitis and the impact of allergic rhinitis","volume":"10","author":"Bielory","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2009.01967.x","article-title":"A multicentre study assessing the prevalence of sensitizations in patients with asthma and\/or rhinitis in China","volume":"64","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4936","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.12.37","article-title":"Chinese guideline on sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and asthma","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/s0091-6749(98)70271-4","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy: therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. 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