{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:03:49Z","timestamp":1785413029781,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient mis-centering during pediatric CT examinations can significantly affect radiation dose distribution, particularly to radiosensitive organs such as the eye lens. This study quantitatively evaluates the effect of lateral head mis-centering on eye lens dose and investigates discrepancies between measured and system-reported dose metrics using a low-cost pediatric head phantom.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A low-cost tissue-equivalent pediatric head phantom was constructed locally and validated using CT number comparisons with reference tissue values. Eye lens dose was measured using a pencil ionization chamber at the isocenter and at \u00b11\u20133\u202fcm lateral displacements on two CT systems. Measured dose length product (DLP) values were compared with CT-reported DLP and air kerma-derived estimates. The data was analyzed statistically using Pearson correlation, paired sample t-tests, and one-way ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Strong correlations were observed between isocenter and off-center doses (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.994\u20130.998,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Although positional differences were not statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05), a consistent asymmetric trend was observed, with higher doses on the right side. System-reported DLP substantially overestimated measured values (e.g., 720 vs. 304.83\u202fmGy\u00b7cm).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lateral mis-centering introduces systematic dose distribution asymmetry and significant discrepancies in CT dose reporting. These findings highlight the importance of accurate patient positioning and caution in interpreting system-reported dose metrics in pediatric imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1838211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:10:21Z","timestamp":1785409821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical implications of lateral head mis-centering on eye lens dose in pediatric computed tomography examinations: a phantom study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Aljamal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Imaging, Arab American University","place":["Jenin, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuhal Y.","family":"Hamd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awadia","family":"Gareeballah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University","place":["Madinah, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mousa","family":"Shaheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahin X-ray and MRI Medical Center","place":["Hebron, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lama","family":"Almudaimeegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna M.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Abuthabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Patients Friends Society - Al-Rahma Hospital","place":["Nablus, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaid","family":"Daraghmeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Patients Friends Society - Al-Rahma Hospital","place":["Nablus, Palestine"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(12)60815-0","article-title":"Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"380","author":"Pearce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulcan.2015.11.003","article-title":"Exposure to CT scans in childhood and long-term cancer risk: a review of epidemiological studies","volume":"103","author":"Baysson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bull Cancer"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12950","article-title":"Radiation dose and risk to the lens of the eye during CT examinations of the 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