{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T06:04:47Z","timestamp":1784009087935,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effectiveness of combining 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops and deproteinized calf blood extract (DCBE) eye gel for treating dry eye disease (DED) following pterygium surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 64 patients (32 in each group) who underwent pterygium excision with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation. The experimental group received 0.05% CsA eye drops and DCBE eye gel, while the control group received DCBE eye gel alone. Ocular parameters were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 3\u202fmonths postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Repeated-measures ANOVA demonstrated significant interaction effects between time and group for tear fluorescein break-up time (TFBUT;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), ocular surface disease index (OSDI;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.005), and Schirmer\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      test (SIT;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). The experimental group had higher TFBUT, lower OSDI, and better SIT outcomes than the control group at all postoperative time points (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). Corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) scores were also lower in the experimental group compared to the control group at 1, 2, and 3\u202fmonths (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05). During the 3-month follow-up, the incidence of complications was 9.38% in the control group and 6.25% in the experimental group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.641), with no recurrence of pterygium observed in either group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The combination of 0.05% CsA eye drops and DCBE eye gel is more effective than DCBE eye gel alone in improving tear film stability and treating DED following pterygium surgery, with good safety and no recurrence observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1838660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:37:16Z","timestamp":1784007436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effectiveness of 0.05% cyclosporine A combined with deproteinized calf blood extract eye gel in the treatment of dry eye disease after pterygium surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yingxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danni","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiyao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhida","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-318866","article-title":"Deep learning 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