{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:19:56Z","timestamp":1783423196711,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the associations of nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration with myopia in preschool children, and to examine the mediating role of body mass index (BMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included 695 children aged 3\u20137\u202fyears. Sleep duration, demographics, family factors, and lifestyle were assessed via a self-administered questionnaire. Ophthalmic examinations followed national myopia screening guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, and mediation analysis were used to evaluate the associations and the mediating effect of BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence of myopia was 21.29%. After adjusting for confounders, both daytime nap duration [OR\u202f=\u202f0.87, (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.012)] and nighttime sleep duration [OR\u202f=\u202f0.48, (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u202f0.031)] were negatively associated with myopia risk. A protective inflection point was identified at 38\u202fmin for daytime napping. BMI partially mediated the associations of daytime nap and nighttime sleep with myopia, accounting for 24.79 and 28.16% of the total effects, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration were inversely associated with myopia risk in preschool children, with BMI playing a partial mediating role. Ensuring adequate nighttime sleep and appropriate daytime napping may represent an effective strategy for early myopia prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1840892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T11:10:38Z","timestamp":1783422638000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cross-sectional associations of nighttime sleep and daytime nap duration with myopia in preschool children: the mediating role of body mass index"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiumei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health Care, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University","place":["Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health Care, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University","place":["Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University","place":["Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health Care, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University","place":["Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 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