{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:03:48Z","timestamp":1790064228785,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system with a high incidence in middle-aged and elderly populations. The global prevalence and incidence of PD are increasing, placing a heavy burden on the public health system. In recent years, a series of important breakthroughs have been made in the field of multi-modal imaging diagnosis, specific biomarker screening, genetic susceptibility analysis, and pathological mechanism exploration, which provide a key basis for the early and accurate diagnosis, subtype identification, and disease monitoring of PD. Acupuncture and moxibustion, as core therapies in traditional medicine, have become important adjuvant treatments for PD. This paper systematically reviews the latest research results in the field of PD diagnosis and treatment; expounds the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine and modern pathophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of PD; summarizes the individualized treatment strategies, clinical application status, and guidelines recommended at home and abroad for acupuncture and moxibustion; and looks forward to future research directions and development prospects in this field. To provide a theoretical reference and practical basis for the precise diagnosis and treatment of PD using integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1842383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T07:12:28Z","timestamp":1790061148000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Progress in diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease and clinical application and prospect of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Biao","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Bao\u2019an Shiyan People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-Rong","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Longhua People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Yan","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen Bao\u2019an Shiyan People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8166445\/v1","article-title":"Human wild-type \u03b1-synuclein drives progressive tau pathology in a disease-relevant mouse model of synucleinopathy","author":"Senapati","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Sq"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956440","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.956440","article-title":"Worldwide trends in mortality related to Parkinson\u2019s disease in the period of 1994-2019: analysis of vital registration data from the WHO mortality database","volume":"13","author":"Lampropoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2015.12.004","article-title":"Advances in GBA-associated Parkinson\u2019s disease\u2013pathology, presentation and therapies","volume":"93","author":"Barkhuizen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1617996","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2025.1617996","article-title":"Hemodynamic subtype profiling in tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid Parkinson\u2019s disease using multi-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling imaging","volume":"19","author":"Pan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prdoa.2025.100333","article-title":"Contribution of dopaminergic polymorphisms to levodopa treatment response and drug concentration in Chinese patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Park Relat Disord"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"LRRK2 Parkinson disease","volume-title":"GeneReviews(\u00ae)","author":"Saunders-Pullman","year":"1993"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.13703\/j.0255-2930.20190307-k0005","article-title":"Exploration of Xingnao Tiaochang acupuncture therapy in treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease on the base of brain-gut axis theory","volume":"40","author":"Ni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhen Jiu"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2232133","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.32133","article-title":"Effectiveness of acupuncture for anxiety among patients with Parkinson disease: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-016-2525-y","article-title":"Acupuncture points for treating Parkinson\u2019s disease based on animal studies","volume":"22","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Med"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906317","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.906317","article-title":"Global trend in the research and development of acupuncture treatment on Parkinson\u2019s disease from 2000 to 2021: a bibliometric analysis","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S495092","article-title":"Alternative therapies for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a Mini review","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":". 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