{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T05:12:32Z","timestamp":1778562752991,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive, intermediate-type neoplasm, accounting for approximately 4%\u22125% of primary bone tumors, typically arising in the metaphysis of long bones. Enchondroma is a common benign cartilaginous tumor, frequently localized in the short tubular bones of the hands and feet. The coexistence of these two distinct histopathological entities at the same anatomical site is exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 36-year-old female who presented with left hip pain after exertion for a duration of 2 weeks. Imaging studies revealed an osteolytic, expansile lesion in the left pubic bone, suggestive of GCTB. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen demonstrated two distinct morphological patterns: areas characteristic of GCTB (immunopositive for H3.3 G34W) coexisting with areas of enchondroma. This coexistence is exceptionally uncommon in bone tumors, particularly at the pubic location. Notably, the GCTB component exhibited extraosseous soft tissue extension and identifiable intravascular tumor thrombi, with a Ki-67 proliferation index reaching 40%, indicating a high aggressive potential. Corroborated by a review of the literature, this case emphasizes the critical role of histopathological evaluation in diagnosing bone tumors and discusses the diagnostic approach and clinical implications of such a rare tumor combination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1843522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:33:06Z","timestamp":1778560386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Giant cell tumor of the pubic bone with concomitant enchondroma: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hongjing","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minghao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6298","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13246298","article-title":"State of the art and new concepts in giant cell tumor of bone: imaging features and tumor characteristics","volume":"13","author":"Parmeggiani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556118","DOI":"10.19080\/CTOIJ.2023.23.556118","article-title":"Rare case of an unresectable giant cell tumor of pubic bone cancer","volume":"23","author":"Mittal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther Oncol Int J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000293","article-title":"The 2020 WHO classification of tumors of bone: an updated review","volume":"28","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Anat Pathol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines14020449","article-title":"Giant cell tumor of bone: biology, pathophysiology, and histopathology in the era of H3F3A","volume":"14","author":"Carneiro","year":"2026","journal-title":"biomedicines."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jham.2026.100428","article-title":"The recent advances in histopathological and molecular profiling of giant cell-rich tumors","volume":"18","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Hand Microsurg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpm.ijpm_886_23","article-title":"Dharavath, B, Khetale, S, Redhu, AK, et al. 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