{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:07:10Z","timestamp":1789052830535,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the increasing global recognition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the standardized training of TCM specialist nurses remains challenging due to the lack of competency-based training frameworks that effectively integrate theoretical education with clinical practice. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a competency-based multi-station training system for TCM specialist nurses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A preliminary training framework was developed based on literature review, expert discussions, and the core competency framework of TCM specialist nurses. A three-round Delphi consultation involving 21 experts was conducted to refine the indicators, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine indicator weights. The effectiveness of the training system was evaluated among 40 trainees through pre- and post-training assessments of core competencies and satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Delphi consultation showed high expert authority and consensus, with authority coefficients ranging from 0.90 to 0.92. The final system comprised 6 primary indicators, 23 secondary indicators, and 122 tertiary indicators, with satisfactory consistency of indicator weights (CR &amp;lt; 0.10). After training, trainees demonstrated significant improvements in core competencies across multiple domains, including professional knowledge, clinical practice, management, innovation, teaching, communication, and ethical literacy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). High satisfaction with the training system was also reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The competency-based multi-station training system provides a structured and practical approach for cultivating TCM specialist nurses. By integrating theoretical learning, clinical practice, and competency assessment, this model may contribute to the standardization of TCM nursing education and enhance nursing quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1845170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:34:20Z","timestamp":1786941260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction and practice of a multi-station Chinese medicine specialist nurse training system based on core competencies: a Delphi study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaomei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanbing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei","place":["Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-017-07650-6","article-title":"Traditional Chinese medicine needs proper scrutiny.","volume":"551","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057817","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.1057817","article-title":"East wind, west wind: toward the modernization of traditional chinese medicine.","volume":"16","author":"Yag\u00fce","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.202560","article-title":"Integrating traditional Chinese medicine into disease management in Singapore.","volume":"54","author":"Ng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.26689\/jcnr.v7i5.5374","article-title":"Research on the reform of \u201ctraditional chinese medicine nursing\u201d.","volume":"7","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708032","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1708032","article-title":"An exploration and analysis of the role positioning, duty comparison, and career development path of clinical research nurses in developed and developing countries.","volume":"12","author":"Cao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Guidelines on Advanced Practice Nursing.","year":"2020"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2025.104290","article-title":"Evaluation index system of core competence of traditional Chinese medicine nurse specialists: a qualitative evidence synthesis.","volume":"84","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Pract"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1672-1756.2024.09.001","article-title":"Analysis and prospects of the current situation of training and usation of traditional Chinese mnurse specialists China.","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurs. 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