{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T05:00:02Z","timestamp":1785214802295,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dysphagia affects 15%\u221220% of community elderly, 50%\u221275 % of nursing-home and &amp;gt;80 % of hospitalized patients; 60 % cases stem from neurologic disease. We compared intermittent oro-esophageal (IOE) vs. nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding in 120 frail dysphagic elders (Jun\u2013Dec 2024).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sample size was calculated based on the expected prevalence of aspiration pneumonia (25 vs. 8%), with 60 participants enrolled per group. Frail elderly patients with dysphagia were randomly allocated to the intermittent oro-esophageal or nasogastric tube group using a random number table. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0, including\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression, with\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05 considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline comparable. Both groups improved albumin and swallowing equally, yet IOE cut aspiration pneumonia from 23.3 % (NGT) to 8.3 %, enhanced oral intake and MNA-SF without added mucosal injury. Frailty, age, stroke history and NGT predicted complications; Kubota grade-3 patients gained most from IOE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IOE is safer and more effective than NGT for frail elderly dysphagia, reducing pneumonia and restoring oral feeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1867115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:25:41Z","timestamp":1785212741000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intermittent oroesophageal vs. nasogastric tube feeding in frail elderly with dysphagia: a retrospective comparative study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endoscopy Center, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1113\/JP285564","article-title":"The neurorehabilitation of post-stroke dysphagia: physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"603","author":"Sasegbon","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2025.162364","article-title":"Voice and swallowing dysfunction associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pediatric patients","volume":"60","author":"Benaim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1159\/000547270","article-title":"Comparison of swallowing dysfunction, endurance, and dysphagia symptom severity in early-stage alzheimer's disease and age-matched controls","volume":"77","author":"Arslan-Sarimehmetoglu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Folia Phoniatr Logop."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2024.09.016","article-title":"Dysphagia","volume":"52","author":"Irwin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prim Care."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-024-10695-1","article-title":"Interventions for postextubation dysphagia in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Dysphagia.","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2024"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08874-9","article-title":"Evidence based therapeutic and assessment techniques to rehabilitate post stroke dysphagia patients-a systematic review","volume":"282","author":"Jamil","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-08-23-6928","article-title":"Adult-onset dysphagia Aust","volume":"53","author":"Chuang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Gen Pract."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05492-7","article-title":"Post-extubation dysphagia in the ICU-a narrative review: epidemiology, mechanisms and clinical management","volume":"29","author":"Bertschi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Care."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13901","article-title":"Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on the swallowing function of patients with post-stroke dysphagia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5582\/bst.2025.01029","article-title":"Post-stroke dysphagia: neurological regulation and recovery strategies","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biosci Trends."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01389-5","article-title":"Efficacy of swallowing rehabilitative therapies for adults with dysphagia: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"47","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geroscience."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70088","article-title":"Esophageal and oropharyngeal dysphagia: clinical recommendations from the united European gastroenterology and European society for neurogastroenterology and motility","volume":"13","author":"Mari","year":"2025","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.12.022","article-title":"Effect of artificial intelligence-based video-game system on dysphagia in patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Nutr."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13961","article-title":"Dysphagia prevention strategies for community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review","volume":"52","author":"Kristamuliana","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.31083\/j.jin2311204","article-title":"The effects of non-pharmacological therapies for dysphagia in parkinson's disease: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Ning","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Integr Neurosci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2022.04.006","article-title":"Frailty: a multidimensional biopsychosocial syndrome","volume":"107","author":"Cohen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac064","article-title":"Prevalence and implications of frailty in acute stroke: systematic review & meta-analysis","author":"Burton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101498","article-title":"Prevalence of multidimensional frailty and pre-frailty in older people in different settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Veronese","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev."},{"key":"B19","author":"Sigmon","year":"","journal-title":"Nasogastric Tube"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/children11111289","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of orogastric vs. nasogastric tube feeding in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2024.7932","article-title":"Benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia after nasogastric tube insertion","volume":"185","author":"Williams","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2025.101411","article-title":"Nasogastric tube after oesophagectomy and risk of anastomotic leak: a Nordic, multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial","volume":"57","author":"Hedberg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2025.104149","article-title":"Rood, van Noort HHJ. Verification of correct nasogastric tube placement: is there a role for intragastric pressure manometry?","volume":"90","author":"Torsy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Intensive Crit Care Nurs."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5173","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-025-17302-z","article-title":"Joint nasogastric tube versus traditional decompression nasogastric tube to guided ogt-overlap esophagojejunostomy in laparoscopic total gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-025-09173-x","article-title":"The impact of oral- vs. nasogastric tube-administered osmotic laxative on pediatric patients with fecal impaction complicating functional constipation","author":"Aviles","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13178","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.13178","article-title":"Complicated placement of a nasogastric tube in the gastric mucosa: a case report and literature review","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nurs Crit Care."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2024.09.001","article-title":"The effect of evidence-based skin care and hydrocolloid dressing in the prevention of nasogastric tube-related pressure injury: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"33","author":"Ye\u015filyurt","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2532840","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2025.2532840","article-title":"Achievement of full oral feeding in preterm infants using a nasogastric or an orogastric tube: a randomized comparative study","volume":"38","author":"Chuaysong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-025-09915-7","article-title":"Nasogastric tube nutrition support enhances chemoradiotherapy compliance and alleviates mucosal reactions in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a 856-case retrospective cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Zeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78202","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.78202","article-title":"Nasogastric tube syndrome treated by replacement with a smaller-diameter tube: a case report","volume":"17","author":"Hara","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2025.116531","article-title":"Nasogastric tube tune-up: surgical residents and med-surg nursing achieve proficiency in a standardized protocol after targeted education","volume":"250","author":"Guloyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Surg."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-025-01342-7","article-title":"Restraint for nasogastric tube feeding in young people with anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa: a retrospective audit","volume":"13","author":"Hawley","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Eat Disord."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2025.112933","article-title":"A novel method of verifying appropriate nasogastric tube placement: animal and human studies","volume":"141","author":"Tan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrition."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2025.02.470","article-title":"Nasogastric tube syndrome: a case report of otalgia and hoarseness in a palliative care setting","volume":"69","author":"Suzuki","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.123.046122","article-title":"Effect of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding in bulbar palsy after ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study","volume":"55","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2024.112673","article-title":"Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding for cerebral small vessel disease patients with dysphagia: a randomized controlled study","volume":"131","author":"Zeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrition."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-024-08912-6","article-title":"How enteral nutrition modes influence nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors with late dysphagia after radiotherapy: a randomized controlled study","volume":"32","author":"Zeng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843945","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.843945","article-title":"Individualized nutritional support for hospitalized patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.62347\/OJVV8646","article-title":"Effect of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding combined with continuous nursing intervention on patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after surgery","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn121430-20220914-00833","article-title":"Clinical effects of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding combined with Xuanqiaoliyan decotion in stroke patients with dysphagia","volume":"33","author":"Pan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.6.m366","article-title":"Design and application of a new transoral gastric tube for extraction and storage of gastric contents","volume":"35","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M366","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/56.6.M366","article-title":"Screening for undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini-nutritional assessment (MNA-SF)","volume":"56","author":"Rubenstein","year":"2001"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10484-8","article-title":"Affective symptoms and oropharyngeal dysphagia in head-and-neck cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Krebbers","year":"2023"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1044\/2021_AJSLP-21-00249","article-title":"Understanding burden in caregivers of adults with dysphagia: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Rangira","year":"2022"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.08.046","article-title":"A chain reaction to dysphagia","volume":"166","author":"Issa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05654-9","article-title":"Metaplasticity in the human swallowing system: clinical implications for dysphagia rehabilitation","volume":"43","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurol Sci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10378-1","article-title":"Dysphagia with psoriasiform skin lesions: clue to diagnosis","volume":"37","author":"Bundela","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1867115\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:25:43Z","timestamp":1785212743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1867115\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1867115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1867115","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"article-number":"1867115"}}