{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:16:15Z","timestamp":1786115775603,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effects of 0. 001% glycerophosphoinositol in 0.2% hyaluronate (GPI\/HA) vehicle eye drops in patients with glaucoma therapy related-ocular surface disease (GTOSD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty patients diagnosed with GTOSD and receiving GPI\/HA or HA 0.2%, underwent ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE), National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ)-25 questionnaires, and tear matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), break-up time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), Schirmer test I (STI), and bulbar conjunctival hyperemia (BCH) determination<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 1 month, GPI\/HA eyedrops increased BUT [6 (4\u20137.25) to 7 (6\u20138)] and STI [11.5 (8\u201317.5) to 13.5 (10\u201318.5)], whereas decreased BCH [2.2 (2.1\u20132.3) to 2.1 (1.3\u20132.2)] and CFS [3 (2\u20134) to 2 (2\u20133)] (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). Questionnaire scores improved from 35 (24.36\u201346.25) to 33 (20.75\u201340.52), for SANDE and from 31.5 (20\u201345) to 28.5 (17.75\u201340.5), for OSDI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). HA 0.2% eyedrops reduced BCH from 2.75 (2.15\u20133.20) to 2.25 (1.90\u20132.30) and CFS from 3.5 (2.75\u20135) to 2.5 (2\u20134) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.014), and increased BUT (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.036). Questionnaire scores improved from 28.95 (20.9\u201347.6) to 26.86 (19.90\u201336.41) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009) for SANDE, and from 40 (19.5\u201349) to 29 (19.75\u201342) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005) for OSDI. There were not significant modifications in the MMP-9 immunoassay positivity in either treatment group. Follow-up inter-group comparisons showed better BCH values in GPI\/HA, and better NEI VFQ-25 scores in HA 0.2%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both treatments proved valuable in managing GTOSD, supporting the use of lubricants in this condition. GPI\/HA showed a broader pattern of improvement, which should be interpreted cautiously given the observational design and limited inter-group differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1868619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T05:32:32Z","timestamp":1785994352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unraveling the effects of glycerophosphoinositol-enriched hyaluronic acid eyedrops on the ocular surface in glaucoma: a report from the multicenter OSGLA registry"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Luca","family":"Agnifili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Ageing Science, University \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d of Chieti-Pescara","place":["Chieti, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Celani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna","place":["Bologna, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Ludovica","family":"Ruggeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, SS Annunziata Hospital","place":["Chieti, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sferra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University Chieti-Pescara","place":["Chieti, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Mastropasqua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University Chieti-Pescara","place":["Chieti, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Oddone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Bietti","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Carnevale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Fondazione Bietti","place":["Rome, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari","place":["Sassari, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Figus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Molecular and Emergency, University of Pisa","place":["Pisa, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari","place":["Sassari, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11227","article-title":"In vivo analysis of prostaglandins-induced ocular surface and periocular adnexa modifications in patients with glaucoma","volume":"32","author":"Di Staso","year":"2018","journal-title":"In Vivo."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31815c5f4f","article-title":"Prevalence of ocular surface disease in glaucoma patients","volume":"17","author":"Leung","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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