{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:08:49Z","timestamp":1784117329068,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Early identification of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is essential for preventing active tuberculosis in heart transplant candidates and recipients, particularly in the context of immunosuppressive therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To assess and compare the prevalence of LTBI in patients awaiting heart transplantation and in heart transplant recipients using modern immunodiagnostic methods.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The prospective study was conducted between 2025 and 2026 and included patients listed for heart transplantation at the Almazov National Medical Research Centre. Patients were divided into two main groups according to whether heart transplantation was performed was conducted to evaluate immunodiagnostic: I group - patients prior to heart transplantation (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 14) and the II group - in heart transplant recipients (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 28). All patients included on the heart transplantation waiting list underwent a comprehensive assessment, which included detailed immunological testing. LTBI was assessed using (QuantiFERON\n \u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n -TB Gold ELISA) and\/or a recombinant tuberculosis antigen skin test (Diaskintest). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson\u2019s \u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n test, with significance set at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n LTBI prevalence was significantly higher in heart transplant recipients (53.6%) compared with controls (5.8%; \u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 23.366,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.001). In pre-transplant patients, LTBI prevalence was 35.7%, also significantly exceeding that of controls (\u03c7\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 9.058,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003). The higher LTBI rates in both patient groups may reflect immune dysregulation associated with chronic heart failure and the effects of immunosuppressive therapy. Although LTBI prevalence was higher in transplant recipients than in pre-transplant patients, the difference was not statistically significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Heart transplant recipients demonstrate the highest prevalence of LTBI, followed by patients awaiting transplantation, both markedly exceeding that observed in healthy individuals. These findings indicate an elevated risk of active tuberculosis in this population and support the importance of routine LTBI screening and preventive therapy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1878586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T11:10:19Z","timestamp":1784113819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of latent tuberculosis infection in patients prior to and following heart transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Starshinova","family":"Anna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]},{"name":"Medical Department, Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Ufa, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabirova","family":"Adilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]},{"name":"Medical Department, Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Ufa, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fedotov","family":"Petr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musaeva","family":"Bulgun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharipov","family":"Raul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Bashkir State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation","place":["Ufa, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kudryavtsev","family":"Igor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem","family":"Rubinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Medicine","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasilyeva","family":"Elena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stabrova","family":"Elena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Research Medical Center","place":["St. Petersburg, Russia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kudlay","family":"Dmitry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. 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