{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T06:30:30Z","timestamp":1786516230937,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stress cardiomyopathy (TTC) after open-heart surgery is rare but carries high morbidity. We aimed to identify independent perioperative risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective case\u2013control study included 25 TTC patients and 100 time-selected controls from 4,872 consecutive Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) cases (January 2019\u2013December 2023). Preoperative, intraoperative, and early postoperative variables were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in age, female sex, neuropsychiatric history, mitral\/tricuspid surgery, CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time, and maximum epinephrine dose (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.05). Postoperative cardiogenic shock was a frequent consequence (84% vs. 7%). Multivariate analysis identified four independent risk factors: female sex (OR 4.67, 95% CI 1.52\u201314.32), mitral\/tricuspid surgery (OR 8.93, 95% CI 2.89\u201327.58), CPB &amp;gt;180\u202fmin (OR 5.14, 95% CI 1.76\u201315.06), and intraoperative epinephrine &amp;gt;0.1\u202f\u03bcg\u00b7kg\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b7min\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      (OR 6.02, 95% CI 1.95\u201318.57; all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Female sex, mitral\/tricuspid surgery, prolonged CPB, and high-dose epinephrine are independent risk factors for postoperative TTC. Early echocardiographic surveillance, cautious catecholamine use, and right ventricular assessment may improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1882150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T05:54:56Z","timestamp":1786514096000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of risk factors for stress cardiomyopathy after cardiac surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Huiyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067444","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.1067444","article-title":"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after cardiac surgery: a case-series and systematic review of literature","volume":"9","author":"Laghlam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2026.107170","article-title":"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after cardiac surgery: a hidden menace","volume":"31","author":"See","year":"2026","journal-title":"JACC Case Rep"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2023.12.014","article-title":"Intraoperative Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a case report","volume":"39","author":"Cakan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Perianesth Nurs"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy076","article-title":"International expert consensus document on Takotsubo syndrome (part I): clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and pathophysiology","volume":"39","author":"Ghadri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.12675","article-title":"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following cardiac surgery","volume":"31","author":"Chiariello","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.12677\/ACM.2024.143813","article-title":"Research progress on stress-induced cardiomyopathy","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Clin Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-026-04103-y","article-title":"Stress-induced cardiomyopathy following cardiac valve surgery: a rare case highlighting the need for early recognition and novel therapeutic strategies","volume":"21","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s44158-024-00178-y","article-title":"Perioperative management of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: an overview","volume":"4","author":"Pillitteri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Anesth Analg Crit Care"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002787","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2024-002787","article-title":"Appropriate use of wearable defibrillators with multiparametric evaluation to avoid unnecessary defibrillator implantation","volume":"11","author":"Matteucci","year":"2024","journal-title":"Open Heart"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1882150\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T05:54:57Z","timestamp":1786514097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1882150\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"references-count":9,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1882150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1882150","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"article-number":"1882150"}}