{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T04:59:23Z","timestamp":1785387563995,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["IRN BR24993083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRN BR24993083"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    At present, the preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) phenotype is attracting the attention of researchers as a new type of lung function impairment. Although its association with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases has been well studied, its link with mental disorders is not fully understood. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety in people with PRISm. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD420261353805). Literature was searched in the Scopus and Web of Science, PubMed databases. Cross-sectional or cohort studies were included if the PRISm phenotype was defined by FEV1\/FVC\u202f\u2265\u202f0.70 and FEV1\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f80% predicted, and if the prevalence of depression or anxiety was reported in numerical form. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers, and pooled prevalence was calculated using a random-effects model. A total of 6 studies (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f43,900) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression among PRISm participants was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.11\u20130.25). In addition, based on 5 studies (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f42,337), the prevalence of anxiety was 0.15 (95% CI: 0.07\u20130.32). The prevalence varied across individual studies, and high heterogeneity was observed (I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202f97.8% for depression and I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u202f=\u202f99.5% for anxiety). Depression and anxiety are common in people with the PRISm phenotype. These findings highlight the importance of assessing mental health and early intervention in this group in clinical practice. Because of the limited number of included studies, subgroup analyses and meta-regression could not be performed, and the findings should be interpreted with caution. Future large prospective studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between PRISm and mental disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1888761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T04:21:02Z","timestamp":1785385262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of depression and anxiety among individuals with preserved ratio impaired spirometry: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lazzat","family":"Zhamaliyeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice No. 2, Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University","place":["Aktobe, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nurlan","family":"Brimkulov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy","place":["Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiganysh","family":"Mamurzhankyzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice No. 2, Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University","place":["Aktobe, Kazakhstan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13050539","article-title":"Meshing anxiety, depression, quality of life, and functionality in chronic disease","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010800","article-title":"Prevalence rates of depression and anxiety among young rural and urban Australians: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kasturi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s43045-023-00315-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of anxiety disorders: global burden and sociodemographic associations","volume":"30","author":"Javaid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Middle East Curr Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.20939","article-title":"Association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry and clinical outcomes in US adults","volume":"326","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S453086","article-title":"Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm): a global epidemiological overview, radiographic characteristics, comorbid associations, and differentiation from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"19","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291724002162","article-title":"The association between preserved ratio impaired spirometry and adverse outcomes of depression and anxiety: evidence from the UK biobank","volume":"54","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.01.002","article-title":"Symptoms of anxiety and depression and use of anxiolytic-hypnotics and antidepressants in current and former smokers with and without COPD: a cross-sectional analysis of the COPDGene cohort","volume":"118","author":"Iyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000517599","article-title":"Association between comorbidities and preserved ratio impaired spirometry: using the Korean National Health and nutrition examination survey IV-VI","volume":"101","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01922-6","article-title":"Optimism is associated with respiratory symptoms and functional status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"23","author":"Koo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2024.101021","article-title":"Heterogeneities and impact profiles of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status: findings from the China pulmonary health study","volume":"45","author":"Lei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730537","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1730537","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) in Saudi Arabia","volume":"13","author":"Alqarni","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1888761\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T04:21:03Z","timestamp":1785385263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1888761\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1888761"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1888761","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"article-number":"1888761"}}