{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:24:03Z","timestamp":1787207043298,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to explore the impact of the pulmonary microbiota on the occurrence of respiratory failure in patients with psittacosis pneumonia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A total of 20 patients diagnosed with psittacosis pneumonia were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of respiratory failure at admission. Clinical data, laboratory findings, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analyses were collected. Next-generation sequencing was employed to analyze the pulmonary microbiota.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In this cohort, patients with respiratory failure exhibited a significantly higher relative abundance sequences of\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n compared with those without respiratory failure. Notably, Spearman correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n relative abundance of sequences and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.870,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002) and a positive correlation with the pulmonary arteriovenous oxygen partial pressure difference (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.728,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017). Further analysis of the bacterial communities showed a negative association between\n Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n and\n \n C<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:bold>\n \n psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = \u22120.509,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.031), whereas\n Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n was positively correlated with\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.533,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.023).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The relative abundance sequences of\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n was significantly higher in patients with respiratory failure than in those without respiratory failure, suggesting an association between\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n load and disease severity. The significant negative correlation between relative abundance sequences of\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n and CD4+ T-lymphocyte count suggests that\n \n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n may exacerbate disease progression by compromising the host immune response, but direction of this relationship cannot be determined. Furthermore, the negative correlation between the relative abundance sequences of\n Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n and\n C. psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n suggests a possible competitive or protective interaction between these two organisms. In contrast, the positive correlation between\n \n Veillonella<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n and\n \n C<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:bold>\n \n psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n may indicate a shared ecological niche. These findings provide preliminary evidence of a relationship between lung microbiota composition and the severity of psittacosis pneumonia, while the causal mechanisms remain to be elucidated in future studies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1899239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:29:04Z","timestamp":1787203744000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The relationship between C. psittaci infection and respiratory failure based on respiratory microbiota analysis: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lulu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated With Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated With Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated With Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated With Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftu007","article-title":"Chlamydia psittaci: update on an underestimated zoonotic agent","volume":"73","author":"Knittler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817002060","article-title":"Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis) as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"145","author":"Hogerwerf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-023-00631-w","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of psittacosis among cases with complicated or atypical pulmonary infection using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a multi-center observational study in China","volume":"22","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. 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