{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:50:26Z","timestamp":1791521426892,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glioblastoma (GBM), IDH-wildtype, is the most aggressive adult-type diffuse glioma. Although extracranial spread may occur after craniotomy, radiotherapy, or other interventions, spontaneous transdural and calvarial invasion before treatment is exceedingly rare. We report a 37-year-old woman who presented with long-standing right temporal-parietal headache and acute worsening with vomiting. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a right temporal mass with intratumoral hemorrhage, peritumoral edema, and contiguous extension through the dura and temporal bone into the temporalis muscle. The lesion was resected through a transcranial approach, and postoperative imaging showed gross total resection. Histological examination demonstrated an infiltrating high-grade glial neoplasm with brisk mitotic activity and palisading necrosis. Immunohistochemical and molecular findings, including the absence of IDH1\/IDH2 mutations, supported a diagnosis of glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, CNS WHO grade 4. At 18 months after surgery, the patient remained alive. This case highlights a rare pattern of primary extracranial extension in GBM and suggests direct contiguous transdural invasion as a plausible route of spread in the absence of prior intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1908149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:26:19Z","timestamp":1791519979000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, with spontaneous transdural and calvarial invasion: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jianhang","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, 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