{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:24:13Z","timestamp":1786947853239,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS, formerly polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS]) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder. The global burden of PMOS shows an overall increasing trend. Recent studies have revealed significant alterations in serum leptin and adiponectin levels in patients with PMOS. However, the results are inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the serum leptin and adiponectin levels, as well as the adiponectin-to-leptin (A\/L) ratio, between women with PMOS (diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria) and healthy controls aged 18\u201349\u202fyears and to provide evidence for future screening strategies and the investigation of the pathogenesis of PMOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search of \u201cPubMed,\u201d \u201cWeb of Science,\u201d \u201cEmbase,\u201d and \u201cCochrane Library\u201d was conducted from January 1, 2015, to March 31, 2026. The authors independently reviewed all relevant clinical trials via systematic evaluation of abstracts and titles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 62 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooling analysis of all relevant studies revealed that adult women with PMOS had higher serum leptin levels (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59 to 1.07;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.0001) and lower adiponectin levels (SMD: \u22121.06; 95% CI: \u22121.47 to \u22120.66;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.0001) than women without PMOS. Heterogeneity across studies was considerable and not eliminated in subgroup analyses. The A\/L ratio was statistically significantly lower in PMOS (SMD: \u22122.31; 95% CI: \u22124.02 to \u22120.55;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.010).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with PMOS aged 18\u201349 exhibit higher leptin levels, lower adiponectin levels and a lower A\/L ratio. Further well-designed adequately powered prospective studies are needed to clarify the association between these markers and PMOS, including assessments of their sensitivity, specificity, and optimal cutoff values for predicting PMOS risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The protocol was registered on\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420261364408<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      (CRD420261364408).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1912483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:25:28Z","timestamp":1786944328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leptin, adiponectin levels and their ratios in women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine","place":["Chongqing, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad463","article-title":"Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"108","author":"Teede","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662823","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1662823","article-title":"Global, regional and National Burden of polycystic ovary syndrome: historical trends from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 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