{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:29:30Z","timestamp":1787725770993,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Renal safety is an important consideration during nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) may affect proximal tubular function, while serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) primarily reflect glomerular filtration. This study compared glomerular-function measures and urinary tubular biomarker patterns among NA-untreated, entecavir (ETV)-treated, and TDF-treated patients with CHB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This single-center retrospective cross-sectional study included 242 adults with CHB assessed between June 2025 and June 2026: 113 NA-untreated, 64 ETV-treated, and 65 TDF-treated participants. For treated participants, the single index assessment was obtained after at least 12 months of continuous corresponding monotherapy. Serum creatinine, eGFR, urinary\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      1-microglobulin (A1M), urinary\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      2-microglobulin (B2M), and urinary microalbumin (U-mAlb) were compared among groups. eGFR was calculated using the 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation and analyzed primarily as a continuous measure; eGFR &amp;lt;90\u2005mL\/min\/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      was retained as a secondary screening outcome. Urinary biomarkers were measured as spot-urine concentrations without urinary creatinine normalization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Urinary A1M\u2009\u2265\u200912.0\u2005mg\/L occurred in 13.3%, 42.2%, and 67.7% of NA-untreated, ETV-treated, and TDF-treated participants, respectively; corresponding frequencies of urinary B2M\u2009&amp;gt;\u20090.30\u2005mg\/L were 25.7%, 48.4%, and 75.4%. Both A1M and B2M concentration-threshold exceedance were more frequent in TDF-treated than ETV-treated participants (Bonferroni-adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0108 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0048, respectively), and continuous B2M was also higher with TDF (adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0074). Median eGFR was 112.98 (102.47\u2013119.36), 104.79 (92.08\u2013112.39), and 104.47 (91.24\u2013116.58)\u2005mL\/min\/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , respectively (overall\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0008). Both treated groups had lower continuous eGFR than the NA-untreated group, whereas serum creatinine, continuous eGFR, and the frequency of eGFR &amp;lt;90\u2005mL\/min\/1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      did not differ between ETV and TDF (all Bonferroni-adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.0000).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TDF-treated participants showed a more prominent urinary A1M\/B2M concentration-based biomarker pattern than ETV-treated participants, whereas conventional glomerular-function measures did not differ between the two treated groups. These findings represent cross-sectional associations rather than evidence of treatment-induced renal injury. The absence of pretreatment and serial renal measurements, urinary creatinine normalization, and a complete proximal tubular dysfunction assessment requires cautious interpretation and prospective longitudinal confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1928760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:01:39Z","timestamp":1787724099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Renal function and urinary tubular biomarker abnormalities in untreated and entecavir- or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate\u2013treated patients with chronic hepatitis B: a retrospective cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, 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China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caiyang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenya","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghuo","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Foshan, Guangdong, 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