{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:04:17Z","timestamp":1790661857341,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tubal ligation is a widely used permanent female sterilization method. Laparoscopic tubal recanalization offers a pathway to restore natural fertility for women who desire pregnancy after sterilization. However, short-interval re-pregnancy following repeat tubal ligation after recanalization is clinically rare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report a case of a 37-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, with a history of two previous cesarean sections, the second of which was accompanied by bilateral tubal ligation. Eight years after ligation, she underwent laparoscopic bilateral tubal recanalization due to remarriage and a renewed desire for childbearing. She conceived spontaneously 3 months postoperatively and delivered at 38 weeks via a third cesarean section, during which repeat bilateral tubal ligation was performed using the modified Pomeroy technique. Eleven months later, she conceived spontaneously again and underwent induced abortion due to no further fertility plans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although pregnancy rates after tubal recanalization can reach 80%\u201390%, repeat ligation following recanalization does not guarantee absolute contraceptive efficacy. Spontaneous re-canalization with subsequent pregnancy remains possible. This case highlights the importance of standardized surgical technique, long-term follow-up, and postoperative contraceptive counseling, particularly in patients with a history of tubal surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1958986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:50:39Z","timestamp":1790661039000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Tubal recanalization and short-term re-pregnancy after repeat ligation following two cesarean sections"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hui-Liu","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center Liuzhou Hospital","place":["Guangxi, China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology","place":["Liuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center Liuzhou Hospital","place":["Guangxi, China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology","place":["Liuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Lan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center Liuzhou Hospital","place":["Guangxi, China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology","place":["Liuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9378(96)70655-0","article-title":"The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: findings from the U.S. Collaborative review of sterilization","volume":"174","author":"Peterson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"398","article-title":"Analysis of causes of pregnancy after tubal ligation","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Fam Plann"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s10397-017-1035-z","article-title":"Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis: a review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"Gordts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gynecol Surg"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00425-2","article-title":"Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis: fertility outcome in 202 cases","volume":"72","author":"Yoon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.14035\/j.cnki.hljyy.2025.02.062","article-title":"A study on influencing factors of pregnancy after hysteroscopic-laparoscopic tubal recanalization","volume":"38","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Med J"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-1770.ijrcog20261257","article-title":"A three-year retrospective study of female sterilization failure at a tertiary care hospital","volume":"15","author":"Rekha","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2018.00079","article-title":"Laparoscopic reversal of tubal sterilization; a retrospective study over 135 cases","volume":"5","author":"Godin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1006-1959.2010.12.146","article-title":"Analysis of 39 cases of tubal ligation failure","volume":"5","author":"Ding","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Inform (Mid-month"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.19538\/j.fk2025070111","article-title":"Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of fertility-related chronic endometritis (2025 edition)","volume":"41","author":"Xue","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin J Pract Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e194","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003111","article-title":"ACOG Practice bulletin No. 208: benefits and risks of sterilization","volume":"133","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/s0015-0282(03)00782-5","article-title":"Factors affecting the pregnancy rate after tubal microsurgery","volume":"80","author":"Hanafi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.14164\/j.cnki.cn11-5581\/r.2018.13.029","article-title":"Observation on the efficacy of recanalization for pregnancy after tubal ligation","volume":"13","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Mod Drug Appl"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2004.19.3.436","article-title":"Comparison of laparoscopic and laparotomic tubal anastomosis","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.12114\/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0697","article-title":"Application of random forest algorithm in pregnancy prediction after fallopian tube recanalization","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e80","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003062","article-title":"ACOG Practice bulletin No. 206: use of hysteroscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine pathology","volume":"133","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1958986\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:50:45Z","timestamp":1790661045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1958986\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1958986"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1958986","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"article-number":"1958986"}}