{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:51:39Z","timestamp":1790729499955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]],"date-time":"2017-11-02T04:37:25Z","timestamp":1509597445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Culture Strategies for Isolation of Fastidious Leptospira Serovar Hardjo and Molecular Differentiation of Genotypes Hardjobovis and Hardjoprajitno"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Roberta T.","family":"Chideroli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela D.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suelen A.","family":"Suphoronski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice F.","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amauri A.","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Admilton G.","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio C.","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulisses de Padua","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(86)90087-8","article-title":"Development of an improved selective medium for isolation of leptospires from clinical material","volume":"12","author":"Adler","year":"1986","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.03.012","article-title":"Leptospira and leptospirosis","volume":"140","author":"Adler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1374","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001374","article-title":"Comparison of two multilocus sequence based genotyping schemes for Leptospira species","volume":"5","author":"Ahmed","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-0711-5-28","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing method for identification and genotypic classification of pathogenic Leptospira species","volume":"5","author":"Ahmed","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.33.2.372-379.1981","article-title":"Distribution of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities among Treponema pallidum and other spirochetes","volume":"33","author":"Austin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0450.1980.tb01711.x","article-title":"A new Leptospiral serovar in the Tarassovi serogroup from Colombia","volume":"27","author":"Aycardi","year":"1980","journal-title":"Z. Vet. R. B"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2011.00347.x","article-title":"A novel combination of selective agents for isolation of Leptospira species","volume":"55","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"562","article-title":"Protein-free and low-protein media for the cultivation of Leptospira. Infect","volume":"19","author":"Bey","year":"1978","journal-title":"Immun"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr.15018473","article-title":"Isolation and molecular characterization of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo strain Hardjobovis in the urine of naturally infected cattle in Brazil","volume":"15","author":"Chideroli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet. Mol. Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01470.x","article-title":"Molecular characterization by LSSP-PCR and DNA sequencing of a pathogenic isolate of Leptospira interrogans from Brazil","volume":"59","author":"Cosate","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.56.10.3063-3072.1990","article-title":"Effects of molecular oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, and antioxidants upon in vitro replication of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum","volume":"56","author":"Cox","year":"1990","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13749.x","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the LPS biosynthetic loci of the genetic subtypes of serovar Hardjo: Leptospira interrogans subtype Hardjoprajitno and Leptospira borgpetersenii subtype Hardjobovis","volume":"177","author":"de la Pe\u00f1a-Moctezuma","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.065466-0","article-title":"Isolation of Leptospira interrogans Hardjoprajitno from vaginal fluid of a clinically healthy ewe suggests potential for venereal transmission","volume":"63","author":"Director","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45059-8_6","article-title":"Animal leptospirosis","volume":"387","author":"Ellis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1986.47.08.1694","article-title":"Isolation of leptospires from the genital tracts of Iowa cows","volume":"47","author":"Ellis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. Res"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01609-1","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing","volume":"7","author":"Enright","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"B17","volume-title":"Leptospira and Leptospirosis, 2nd Edn.","author":"Faine","year":"1999"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"29","article-title":"Leptospirose bovina- variantes sorol\u00f3gicas predominantes em colheitas efetuadas no per\u00edodo de 1984 a 1997 em rebanhos de 21 estados do Brasil. Arq. Inst","volume":"68","author":"Favero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol\u00f3gico"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2009000500003","article-title":"Preval\u00eancia e fatores de risco para a leptospirose em bovinos de Mato Grosso do Sul","volume":"29","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pesqui. Vet. Bras"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1980.34693","article-title":"Isolation of Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo from bovine urine","volume":"28","author":"Flint","year":"1980","journal-title":"N. Z. Vet. J"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00113-5","article-title":"The importance of sodium pyruvate in assessing damage produced by hydrogen peroxide","volume":"23","author":"Giandomenico","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"key":"B22","first-page":"61","article-title":"Medio EMJH modificado para el cultivo de Leptospira interrogans serogrupo Ballum","volume":"38","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Argent. Microbiol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268815001363","article-title":"Genotyping of Leptospira directly in urine samples of cattle demonstrates a diversity of species and strains in Brazil","volume":"144","author":"Hamond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.5433\/1679-0359.2017v38n5p3155","article-title":"Serological and molecular findings in diagnosis of leptospirosis serovar hardjo in a dairy bovine herd","volume":"38","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Cien. Agrar."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2012000200001","article-title":"Preval\u00eancia e fatores de risco associados \u00e1 Leptospira spp. em rebanhos bovinos da regi\u00e3o centro-sul do estado do Paran\u00e1","volume":"32","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pesqui. Vet. Bras."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.30.7.1696-1702.1992","article-title":"Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of NotI digests of leptospiral DNA: a new rapid method of serovar identification","volume":"30","author":"Herrmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.83.3.668-672.1962","article-title":"Nutrition of Leptospira pomona. 1. A chemically defined substitute for rabbit serum ultrafiltrate","volume":"83","author":"Johnson","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.87.2.422-426.1964","article-title":"5-Fluorouracil as a selective agent for growth of Leptospirae","volume":"87","author":"Johnson","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B29","first-page":"118","article-title":"Cultivation of parasitic leptospires: effect of pyruvate. Appl","volume":"26","author":"Johnson","year":"1973","journal-title":"Microbiol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.131.19.435","article-title":"Duration of urinary excretion of leptospires by cattle naturally or experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo","volume":"131","author":"Leonard","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet. Rec"},{"key":"B32","first-page":"345","article-title":"Spirochete periplasmic flagella and motility. J. Mol. Microbiol","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biotechnol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.539-545.2005","article-title":"Identification of variable-number tandem-repeat loci in Leptospira interrogans sensu stricto","volume":"43","author":"Majed","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822009000100033","article-title":"Emjh medium with 5-fluorouracil and nalidixic acid associated with serial dilution technique used to recover leptospira spp from experimentally contaminated bovine semen","volume":"40","author":"Miraglia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.7.5.666","article-title":"Efficacy of combined furazolidone and neomycin in the control of contamination in Leptospira cultures","volume":"7","author":"Myers","year":"1975","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2015.06.026","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Leptospira sp by multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) from clinical samples: a case report","volume":"37","author":"Pailhori\u00e8s","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2508(93)90210-S","article-title":"Diversity of ribosomal DNA fingerprints of Leptospira serovars provides a database for subtyping and species assignation","volume":"144","author":"Perolat","year":"1993","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2012.11.005","article-title":"Diagnosis and epidemiology of leptospirosis","volume":"43","author":"Picardeau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med. Mal. Infect"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.1819-1826.2003","article-title":"Characterization of a tandem repeat polymorphism in Legionella pneumophila and its use for genotyping","volume":"41","author":"Pourcel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.175.4.973-981.1993","article-title":"Leptospira species categorized by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by mapped restriction polymorphisms in PCR-amplified rRNA genes","volume":"175","author":"Ralph","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol"},{"key":"B41","first-page":"13","article-title":"Isolation and identification of a leptospire of the hebdomadis serogroup (L hardjo) from cattle in Canada","volume":"28","author":"Robertson","year":"1964","journal-title":"Can. J. Comp. Med"},{"key":"B42","first-page":"32","article-title":"Crecimiento, virulencia y antigenicidad de Leptospira interrogans serovar mozdok en medio EMJH modificado. Rev. Cuba","volume":"54","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med. Trop."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3954","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00336-06","article-title":"Application of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for molecular typing of the agent of leptospirosis","volume":"44","author":"Sala\u00fcn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-015-0369-x","article-title":"Isolation of Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjoprajitno from a calf with clinical leptospirosis in Chile","volume":"11","author":"Salgado","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-736X2012000400006","article-title":"Preval\u00eancia e fatores de risco de leptospirose bovina no Estado do Maranh\u00e3o","volume":"32","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pesqui. Vet. Bras"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-6-95","article-title":"Identification of pathogenic Leptospira species by conventional or real-time PCR and sequencing of the DNA gyrase subunit B encoding gene","volume":"6","author":"Slack","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"886","article-title":"Growth requirements of pathogenic leptospira. Infect","volume":"7","author":"Staneck","year":"1973","journal-title":"Immun"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.21.4.585-587.1985","article-title":"New method for classification of leptospiral isolates belonging to serogroup pomona by restriction endonuclease analysis: serovar kennewicki","volume":"21","author":"Thiermann","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2752","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002752","article-title":"Conservation of the S10-spc- a locus within otherwise highly plastic genomes provides phylogenetic insight into the genus Leptospira","volume":"3","author":"Victoria","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02273-14","article-title":"Maintenance of Leptospira species in Leptospira Vanaporn Wuthiekanun agar","volume":"52","author":"Wuthiekanun","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822008000400028","article-title":"Isolation of Leptospira serovars Canicola and Copenhageni from cattle urine in the State of Parana, Brazil","volume":"39","author":"Zacarias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02155\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T20:48:42Z","timestamp":1750970922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02155\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02155","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,2]]},"article-number":"2155"}}