{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T19:57:30Z","timestamp":1789243050505,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541462400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A3B07040699"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A3B07040699"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B07044288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B07044288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014R1A6A1031189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014R1A6A1031189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T07:22:27Z","timestamp":1541488947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Suppression of Fluconazole Resistant Candida albicans Biofilm Formation and Filamentation by Methylindole Derivatives"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jin-Hyung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-Guy","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjith Kumar","family":"Manoharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000700011","article-title":"Susceptibility test for fungi: clinical and laboratorial correlations in medical mycology.","volume":"57","author":"Alastruey-Izquierdo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000217","article-title":"The hyphal-associated adhesin and invasin Als3 of Candida albicans mediates iron acquisition from host ferritin.","volume":"4","author":"Almeida","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3004404","article-title":"Hidden killers: human fungal infections.","volume":"4","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B4","year":"2013","journal-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-016-1732-6","article-title":"Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel quinoline derivatives bearing pyrazoline and pyridine analogues.","volume":"26","author":"Desai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2016.01.002","article-title":"Candida albicans biofilms: development, regulation, and molecular mechanisms.","volume":"18","author":"Gulati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.4.1519-1527.2004","article-title":"Incidence of bloodstream infections due to Candida species and in vitro susceptibilities of isolates collected from 1998 to 2000 in a population-based active surveillance program.","volume":"42","author":"Hajjeh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.4.2008-2017.2002","article-title":"Quantification of biofilm structures by the novel computer program COMSTAT.","volume":"146","author":"Heydorn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/yea.3230","article-title":"Emodin, a natural inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, suppresses growth, hyphal development, and biofilm formation of Candida albicans.","volume":"34","author":"Janeczko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Yeast"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01641","article-title":"Enhanced killing and antibiofilm activity of encapsulated cinnamaldehyde against Candida albicans.","volume":"8","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-012-4225-7","article-title":"Antibiofilm activity of Streptomyces sp. BFI 230 and Kribbella sp. BFI 1562 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","volume":"96","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7915.2008.00061.x","article-title":"Indole and 7-hydroxyindole diminish Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence.","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Micro.b Biotechnol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-012-4674-z","article-title":"Indole and 7-benzyloxyindole attenuate the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"97","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2010.02308.x","article-title":"3-Indolylacetonitrile decreases Escherichia coli O157:H7 biofilm formation and Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence.","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920","article-title":"The multifaceted roles of the interspecies signalling molecule indole in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2012.02500.x","article-title":"7-fluoroindole as an antivirulence compound against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","volume":"329","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00299","article-title":"Antibiofilm and antivirulence activities of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol against Candida albicans due to hyphal inhibition.","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-016-0297-6","article-title":"Halogenated indoles eradicate bacterial persister cells and biofilms.","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2012.02500.x","article-title":"Indole as an intercellular signal in microbial communities.","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-014-5903-4","article-title":"Anti-biofilm, anti-hemolysis, and anti-virulence activities of black pepper, cananga, myrrh oils, and nerolidol against Staphylococcus aureus.","volume":"98","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/fov060","article-title":"Natural product solasodine-3-O-\u03b2-D-glucopyranoside inhibits the virulence factors of Candida albicans.","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.09.001","article-title":"Candida albicans hyphal initiation and elongation.","volume":"22","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/08927014.2017.1280731","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of the essential oils \u03b1-longipinene and linalool on biofilm formation and hyphal growth of Candida albicans.","volume":"33","author":"Manoharan","year":"","journal-title":"Biofouling"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00447","article-title":"Alizarin and chrysazin inhibit biofilm and hyphal formation by Candida albicans.","volume":"7","author":"Manoharan","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01476","article-title":"Antibiofilm and antihyphal activities of cedar leaf essential oil, camphor, and fenchone derivatives against Candida albicans.","volume":"8","author":"Manoharan","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13268","article-title":"Efficacy of 7-benzyloxyindole and other halogenated indoles to inhibit Candida albicans biofilm and hyphal formation.","volume":"11","author":"Manoharan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00294-013-0400-3","article-title":"Recent insights into Candida albicans biofilm resistance mechanisms.","volume":"59","author":"Mathe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Genet."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.22913","article-title":"Candida albicans pathogenicity mechanisms.","volume":"4","author":"Mayer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3504","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01240-08","article-title":"Indole acts as an extracellular cue regulating gene expression in Vibrio cholerae.","volume":"191","author":"Mueller","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02273-10","article-title":"Optimizing a Candida biofilm microtiter plate model for measurement of antifungal susceptibility by tetrazolium salt assay.","volume":"49","author":"Nett","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.05.047","article-title":"Regulation of cell-surface genes and biofilm formation by the C. albicans transcription factor Bcr1p.","volume":"15","author":"Nobile","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00194-06","article-title":"Function of Candida albicans adhesin Hwp1 in biofilm formation.","volume":"5","author":"Nobile","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr429","article-title":"Development of a 96-well catheter-based microdilution method to test antifungal susceptibility of Candida biofilms.","volume":"67","author":"Nweze","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2012.05372.x","article-title":"The bacterial signalling molecule indole attenuates the virulence of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans.","volume":"113","author":"Oh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007025","article-title":"Identification of antifungal compounds active against Candida albicans using an improved high-throughput Caenorhabditis elegans assay.","volume":"4","author":"Okoli","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2008-3-405","article-title":"Antimicrobial and antiviral screening of novel indole carboxamide and propanamide derivatives.","volume":"63","author":"Olgen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Z. Naturforsch. C."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00163-09","article-title":"Candida albicans hyphal formation and virulence assessed using a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model.","volume":"8","author":"Pukkila-Worley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-07074-2","article-title":"Assessments of iodoindoles and abamectin as inducers of methuosis in pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.","volume":"7","author":"Rajasekharan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2475-2479.2001","article-title":"Standardized method for in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida albicans biofilms.","volume":"45","author":"Ramage","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2017.10.018","article-title":"Direct one-pot synthesis of cinnamaldehyde immobilized on gold nanoparticles and their antibiofilm properties.","volume":"160","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3010008","article-title":"Candida species biofilms\u2019 antifungal resistance.","volume":"3","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2636","article-title":"Growth of Candida albicans hyphae.","volume":"9","author":"Sudbery","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117695","article-title":"Effects of magnolol and honokiol on adhesion, yeast-hyphal transition, and formation of biofilm by Candida albicans.","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.101","article-title":"Mechanisms of Candida biofilm drug resistance.","volume":"8","author":"Taff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1021\/np2009994","article-title":"Waikialoid a suppresses hyphal morphogenesis and inhibits biofilm development in pathogenic Candida albicans.","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S85","DOI":"10.1086\/518136","article-title":"Health care-associated infections: major issues in the early years of the 21st century.","author":"Wenzel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(90)90322-M","article-title":"New fluorescent dyes for lymphocyte migration studies. analysis by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.","volume":"133","author":"Weston","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Methods"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00071-16","article-title":"Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study.","volume":"39","author":"Wisplinghoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1021\/cb400009f","article-title":"Small-molecule suppressors of Candida albicans biofilm formation synergistically enhance the antifungal activity of amphotericin B against clinical Candida isolates.","volume":"8","author":"You","year":"2013","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2012.02.035","article-title":"Overcoming fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans clinical isolates with tetracyclic indoles.","volume":"22","author":"Youngsaye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1647","article-title":"Assessment of silibinin as a potential antifungal agent and investigation of its mechanism of action.","volume":"69","author":"Yun","year":"2017","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2004.04.017","article-title":"Discovery and SAR of indole-2-carboxylic acid benzylidene-hydrazides as a new series of potent apoptosis inducers using a cell-based HTS assay.","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02641\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]],"date-time":"2018-11-06T07:22:29Z","timestamp":1541488949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02641\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02641"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02641","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,6]]},"article-number":"2641"}}