{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:05:18Z","timestamp":1790715918323,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]],"date-time":"2019-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T13:32:14Z","timestamp":1566480734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Cas9 Contributes to Group B Streptococcal Colonization and Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Brady L.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liwen","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn A.","family":"Patras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary M.","family":"Burcham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenda F.","family":"Sanches","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prescilla E.","family":"Nagao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Doran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2007.00669.x","article-title":"Targeting of Streptococci by zoocin A.","volume":"270","author":"Akesson","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014658","article-title":"Two-component system RgfA\/C activates the fbsB gene encoding major fibrinogen-binding protein in highly virulent CC17 clone group B Streptococcus.","volume":"6","author":"Al Safadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.1087","article-title":"Three-year multicenter surveillance of pneumococcal meningitis in children: clinical characteristics, and outcome related to penicillin susceptibility and dexamethasone use.","volume":"102","author":"Arditi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4781(95)00150-f","article-title":"Cloning and primary structure of a new hemolysin gene from Bacillus cereus.","volume":"1264","author":"Baida","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1474","article-title":"Bacterial Pili exploit integrin machinery to promote immune activation and efficient blood-brain barrier penetration.","volume":"2","author":"Banerjee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199305000-00008","article-title":"Outcomes of bacterial meningitis in children: a meta-analysis.","volume":"12","author":"Baraff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00745-13","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm formation is strain dependent, multifactorial, and associated with reduced invasiveness and immunoreactivity during colonization.","volume":"4","author":"Blanchette-Cain","year":"2013","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/s0029-7844(00)00977-7","article-title":"Group B streptococcal colonization and serotype-specific immunity in pregnant women at delivery.","volume":"96","author":"Campbell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1098-0997(1997)5:4<303::aid-idog8>3.0.co;2-x","article-title":"Interrelationships within the bacterial flora of the female genital tract.","volume":"5","author":"Carson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5492","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01590-13","article-title":"A novel C5a-derived immunobiotic peptide reduces Streptococcus agalactiae colonization through targeted bacterial killing.","volume":"57","author":"Cavaco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1155\/s1064744995000391","article-title":"In vitro ability of the group B streptococci to inhibit gram-positive and gram-variable constituents of the bacterial flora of the female genital tract.","volume":"3","author":"Chaisilwattana","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D666","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky901","article-title":"IMG\/M v.5.0: an integrated data management and comparative analysis system for microbial genomes and microbiomes.","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-004-4288-5","article-title":"Characterization and virulence of hemolysin III from Vibrio vulnificus.","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/IDOG\/2006\/57492","article-title":"Patterns of antibiotic resistance among group B Streptococcus isolates: 2001-2004.","volume":"2006","author":"Chohan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00762-17","article-title":"A vaginal tract signal detected by the group B Streptococcus SaeRS system elicits transcriptomic changes and enhances murine colonization.","volume":"86","author":"Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7819","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01919-07","article-title":"Riboflavin biosynthesis is associated with assimilatory ferric reduction and iron acquisition by Campylobacter jejuni.","volume":"73","author":"Crossley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5544","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae clones infecting humans were selected and fixed through the extensive use of tetracycline.","volume":"5","author":"Da Cunha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166656","article-title":"Mutation of the Streptococcus gordonii thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase sdba leads to enhanced biofilm formation mediated by the CiaRH two-component signaling system.","volume":"11","author":"Davey","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00822-17","article-title":"Characterization of a two-component system transcriptional regulator, LtdR, that impacts group B Streptococcal colonization and disease.","volume":"86","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007848","article-title":"The group B Streptococcal surface antigen I\/II protein, BspC, interacts with host vimentin to promote adherence to brain endothelium and inflammation during the pathogenesis of meningitis.","volume":"15","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1172\/jci23829","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier invasion by group B Streptococcus depends upon proper cell-surface anchoring of lipoteichoic acid.","volume":"115","author":"Doran","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1531-z","article-title":"Host-pathogen interactions in bacterial meningitis.","volume":"131","author":"Doran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1172\/jci17335","article-title":"Group B Streptococcal beta-hemolysin\/cytolysin activates neutrophil signaling pathways in brain endothelium and contributes to development of meningitis.","volume":"112","author":"Doran","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.01.032","article-title":"CRISPR RNA-dependent binding and cleavage of endogenous RNAs by the Campylobacter jejuni Cas9.","volume":"69","author":"Dugar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3476(85)80342-5","article-title":"Long-term sequelae of group B Streptococcal meningitis in infants.","volume":"106","author":"Edwards","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00870-14","article-title":"Analysis of two-component systems in group B Streptococcus shows that RgfAC and the novel FspSR modulate virulence and bacterial fitness.","volume":"5","author":"Faralla","year":"2014","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634.e6","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.11.028","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infects the endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier.","volume":"142","author":"Fletcher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4049.340","article-title":"Prevention and control of puerperal sepsis: bacteriological aspects.","volume":"2","author":"Fry","year":"1938","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0b013e3181fab1e7","article-title":"Neonatal bacterial meningitis: 444 cases in 7 years.","volume":"30","author":"Gaschignard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.03126.x","article-title":"Genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, a pathogen causing invasive neonatal disease.","volume":"45","author":"Glaser","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.05.004","article-title":"Meningitis in neonates: bench to bedside.","volume":"37","author":"Grandgirard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Perinatol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.83.2.111","article-title":"Twelve year outcomes following bacterial meningitis: further evidence for persisting effects.","volume":"83","author":"Grimwood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W52","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm360","article-title":"CRISPRFinder: a web tool to identify clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats.","volume":"35","author":"Grissa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1080\/15476286.2018.1486660","article-title":"The CRISPR\/Cas system in Neisseria meningitidis affects bacterial adhesion to human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells.","volume":"16","author":"Heidrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"RNA Biol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.07.019","article-title":"Streptococcus pneumoniae senses a human-like sialic acid profile via the response regulator CiaR.","volume":"20","author":"Hentrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/s1369-5274(00)00070-9","article-title":"Two-component and phosphorelay signal transduction.","volume":"3","author":"Hoch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/IDOG\/2006\/98218","article-title":"Adherence and blocking of Candida albicans to cultured vaginal epithelial cells: treatments to decrease adherence.","volume":"2006","author":"Hollmer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00612-17","article-title":"The Streptococcus agalactiae stringent response enhances virulence and persistence in human blood.","volume":"86","author":"Hooven","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05626.x","article-title":"PPARalpha and PPARgamma effectively protect against HIV-induced inflammatory responses in brain endothelial cells.","volume":"107","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.185.4.1208-1217.2003","article-title":"Molecular genetic analysis of a group A Streptococcus operon encoding serum opacity factor and a novel fibronectin-binding protein, SfbX.","volume":"185","author":"Jeng","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.187.3.1105-1113.2005","article-title":"Regulation of virulence by a two-component system in group B Streptococcus.","volume":"187","author":"Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01677-07","article-title":"Variation in the group B Streptococcus CsrRS regulon and effects on pathogenicity.","volume":"190","author":"Jiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2013-0167","article-title":"NSR from Streptococcus agalactiae confers resistance against nisin and is encoded by a conserved nsr operon.","volume":"394","author":"Khosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149903","article-title":"Structure of the response regulator NsrR from Streptococcus agalactiae, which is involved in lantibiotic resistance.","volume":"11","author":"Khosa","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2473","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI74159","article-title":"Bacterial induction of Snail1 contributes to blood-brain barrier disruption.","volume":"125","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3588","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00122-11","article-title":"Immune activation and suppression by group B Streptococcus in a murine model of urinary tract infection.","volume":"79","author":"Kline","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.064444-0","article-title":"The two-component response regulator LiaR regulates cell wall stress responses, pili expression and virulence in group B Streptococcus.","volume":"159","author":"Klinzing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2015.1091914","article-title":"Serotype O18 avian pathogenic and neonatal meningitis Escherichia coli strains employ similar pathogenic strategies for the onset of meningitis.","volume":"6","author":"Krishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00522.x","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis adherence mediates differential gene expression in human vaginal epithelial cells.","volume":"7","author":"Kucknoor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.57.10.3058-3065.1989","article-title":"Molecular analysis of a region of the group B Streptococcus chromosome involved in type III capsule expression.","volume":"57","author":"Kuypers","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1097(02)00919-9","article-title":"Functional characterization of domains found within a lytic enzyme produced by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus.","volume":"215","author":"Lai","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2004.04365.x","article-title":"CovS\/CovR of group B Streptococcus: a two-component global regulatory system involved in virulence.","volume":"54","author":"Lamy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00519","article-title":"Interaction of Streptococcus agalactiae and cellular innate immunity in colonization and disease.","volume":"5","author":"Landwehr-Kenzel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3367","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01534-10","article-title":"Characterization of the induction and cellular role of the BaeSR two-component envelope stress response of Escherichia coli.","volume":"193","author":"Leblanc","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(05)70093-3","article-title":"Pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis.","volume":"13","author":"Leib","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14491","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406143101","article-title":"Sword and shield: linked group B streptococcal beta-hemolysin\/cytolysin and carotenoid pigment function to subvert host phagocyte defense.","volume":"101","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","article-title":"Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2.","volume":"15","author":"Love","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00552-17","article-title":"cas9 enhances bacterial virulence by repressing the regR transcriptional regulator in Streptococcus agalactiae.","volume":"86","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01153-06","article-title":"Group B streptococcal pilus proteins contribute to adherence to and invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells.","volume":"189","author":"Maisey","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01424-08","article-title":"Multilocus sequence types associated with neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis and meningitis in Canada.","volume":"47","author":"Manning","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15386","article-title":"CRISPR-Cas immunity in prokaryotes.","volume":"526","author":"Marraffini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2749","article-title":"CRISPR interference: RNA-directed adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea.","volume":"11","author":"Marraffini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153891","article-title":"Identification of CiaR regulated genes that promote group B Streptococcal virulence and interaction with brain endothelial cells.","volume":"11","author":"Mu","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01559-13","article-title":"Identification of a group B streptococcal fibronectin binding protein, SfbA, that contributes to invasion of brain endothelium and development of meningitis.","volume":"82","author":"Mu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JPN.0000333925.30328.fd","article-title":"Update on group B streptococcal infections: perinatal and neonatal periods.","volume":"22","author":"Nandyal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Neonatal Nurs."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2820","article-title":"Cas1-Cas2 complex formation mediates spacer acquisition during CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity.","volume":"21","author":"Nunez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-014-0524-9","article-title":"Effect of two probiotic strains of Lactobacillus on in vitro adherence of Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Staphylococcus aureus to vaginal epithelial cells.","volume":"68","author":"Ortiz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00699-12","article-title":"CsrRS and environmental pH regulate group B Streptococcus adherence to human epithelial cells and extracellular matrix.","volume":"80","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/54708","article-title":"A murine model of group B Streptococcus vaginal colonization.","author":"Patras","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.23","article-title":"Characterization of host immunity during persistent vaginal colonization by Group B Streptococcus.","volume":"8","author":"Patras","year":"","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3438","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00409-15","article-title":"Streptococcus salivarius K12 limits group B Streptococcus vaginal colonization.","volume":"83","author":"Patras","year":"","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12105","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus CovR regulation modulates host immune signalling pathways to promote vaginal colonization.","volume":"15","author":"Patras","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.73.4.2164-2174.2005","article-title":"The innate immune system is activated by stimulation of vaginal epithelial cells with Staphylococcus aureus and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.","volume":"73","author":"Peterson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2617-9","article-title":"Streptococcus agalactiae infection in cancer patients: a five-year study.","volume":"35","author":"Pimentel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.080185","article-title":"Invasive group B streptococcal infections in infants, France.","volume":"14","author":"Poyart","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4895","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.72.8.4895-4899.2004","article-title":"Inactivation of the ciaH Gene in Streptococcus mutans diminishes mutacin production and competence development, alters sucrose-dependent biofilm formation, and reduces stress tolerance.","volume":"72","author":"Qi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01216-08","article-title":"The CiaR response regulator in group B Streptococcus promotes intracellular survival and resistance to innate immune defenses.","volume":"191","author":"Quach","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2217\/17460913.4.2.201","article-title":"Understanding the regulation of Group B Streptococcal virulence factors.","volume":"4","author":"Rajagopal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2019.05.029","article-title":"Catalytically active Cas9 mediates transcriptional interference to facilitate bacterial virulence.","volume":"75","author":"Ratner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"B80","first-page":"604","article-title":"The epidemiology of group B Streptococcal colonization in pregnancy. vaginal infections and prematurity study group.","volume":"77","author":"Regan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-14-252","article-title":"Reductive evolution in Streptococcus agalactiae and the emergence of a host adapted lineage.","volume":"14","author":"Rosinski-Chupin","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12048","article-title":"A CRISPR\/Cas system mediates bacterial innate immune evasion and virulence.","volume":"497","author":"Sampson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003621","article-title":"Alternative roles for CRISPR\/Cas systems in bacterial pathogenesis.","volume":"9","author":"Sampson","year":"","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20130163","article-title":"Cas9-dependent endogenous gene regulation is required for bacterial virulence.","volume":"41","author":"Sampson","year":"","journal-title":"Biochem. Soc. Trans."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5387","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00370-09","article-title":"CsrRS regulates group B Streptococcus virulence gene expression in response to environmental pH: a new perspective on vaccine development.","volume":"191","author":"Santi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S225","DOI":"10.1086\/344939","article-title":"Pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis: mechanism(s) of neuronal injury.","volume":"186","author":"Scheld","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B87","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC.","volume":"51","author":"Schrag","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm. Rep."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.11.3.497","article-title":"Epidemiology of group B streptococcal disease in the United States: shifting paradigms.","volume":"11","author":"Schuchat","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07128-1","article-title":"Group B Streptococcus.","volume":"353","author":"Schuchat","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S200","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix664","article-title":"Estimates of the burden of group B streptococcal disease worldwide for pregnant women, stillbirths, and children.","volume":"65","author":"Seale","year":"","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix585","article-title":"Stillbirth with group B Streptococcus disease worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses.","volume":"65","author":"Seale","year":"","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00285","article-title":"The involvement of the Cas9 gene in virulence of Campylobacter jejuni.","volume":"8","author":"Shabbir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6834","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00094-11","article-title":"Serine-rich repeat proteins and pili promote Streptococcus agalactiae colonization of the vaginal tract.","volume":"193","author":"Sheen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3313","article-title":"Simultaneous generation of many RNA-seq libraries in a single reaction.","volume":"12","author":"Shishkin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4536","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.62.12.4536-4541.1996","article-title":"Mode of action of a lysostaphin-like bacteriolytic agent produced by Streptococcus zooepidemicus 4881.","volume":"62","author":"Simmonds","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13950","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506758102","article-title":"Genome analysis of multiple pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae: implications for the microbial \u201cpan-genome\u201d.","volume":"102","author":"Tettelin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054320","article-title":"Two-component system response regulators involved in virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 in infective endocarditis.","volume":"8","author":"Trihn","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.11.004","article-title":"The enigmatic Esx proteins: looking beyond mycobacteria.","volume":"25","author":"Unnikrishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2018.07.009","article-title":"Community-acquired group B streptococcal meningitis in adults: 33 cases from prospective cohort studies.","volume":"78","author":"van Kassel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002964","article-title":"Anthrax toxins inhibit neutrophil signaling pathways in brain endothelium and contribute to the pathogenesis of meningitis.","volume":"3","author":"van Sorge","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00240-09","article-title":"Immortalized human brain endothelial cell line HCMEC\/D3 as a model of the blood-brain barrier facilitates in vitro studies of central nervous system infection by Cryptococcus neoformans.","volume":"8","author":"Vu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1039\/c3mt20217h","article-title":"The BaeSR regulon is involved in defense against zinc toxicity in E. coli.","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01001","article-title":"Interaction of fibrinogen and muramidase-released protein promotes the development of Streptococcus suis meningitis.","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu151","article-title":"Group B streptococcal serine-rich repeat proteins promote interaction with fibrinogen and vaginal colonization.","volume":"210","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-3458fje","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier-specific properties of a human adult brain endothelial cell line.","volume":"19","author":"Weksler","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.32.100178.000353","article-title":"Group B streptococcal infection in humans.","volume":"32","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.6.1473-1479.1998","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori ribBA-mediated riboflavin production is involved in iron acquisition.","volume":"180","author":"Worst","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17383-1","article-title":"ciaR impacts biofilm formation by regulating an arginine biosynthesis pathway in Streptococcus sanguinis SK36.","volume":"7","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01930\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,17]],"date-time":"2021-01-17T06:23:22Z","timestamp":1610864602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01930\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"references-count":108,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01930"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01930","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,21]]},"article-number":"1930"}}