{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:08:48Z","timestamp":1790518128633,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> K1 is the leading cause of meningitis in newborns. Understanding the molecular basis of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 pathogenicity will help develop treatment of meningitis and prevent neurological sequelae. <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 replicates in host blood and forms a high level of bacteremia to cause meningitis in human. However, the mechanisms that <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 employs to sense niche signals for survival in host blood are poorly understood. We identified one intergenic region in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 genome that encodes a novel small RNA, sRNA-17. The expression of sRNA-17 was downregulated by ArcA in microaerophilic blood. The \u0394<jats:italic>sRNA-17<\/jats:italic> strain grew better in blood than did the wild-type strain and enhanced invasion frequency in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Transcriptome analyses revealed that sRNA-17 regulates tens of differentially expressed genes. These data indicate that ArcA downregulates the <jats:italic>sRNA-17<\/jats:italic> expression to benefit bacterial survival in blood and penetration of the blood\u2013brain barrier. Our findings reveal a signaling mechanism in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 for host adaptation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.574833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T05:30:51Z","timestamp":1606109451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An ArcA-Modulated Small RNA in Pathogenic Escherichia coli K1"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehua","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5830","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.100118697","article-title":"Domain organization and flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding determinants in the aerotaxis signal transducer Aer of Escherichia coli.","volume":"97","author":"Bibikov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. 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