{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T04:08:42Z","timestamp":1793333322174,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The CRISPR-Cas [clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and the CRISPR-associated genes (Cas)] system provides defense mechanisms in bacteria and archaea vs. mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids and bacteriophages, which can either be harmful or add sequences that can provide virulence or antibiotic resistance. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> is a Gram-positive bacterium that could be the etiological agent of important soft tissue infections that can lead to bacteremia and sepsis. The role of the CRISPR-Cas system in <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> is not completely understood since there is a lack of knowledge about it. We analyzed 716 genomes and 1 genomic island from GENOMES-NCBI and ENA-EMBL searching for the CRISPR-Cas systems and their spacer sequences (SSs). Our bioinformatic analysis shows that only 0.83% (6\/716) of the analyzed genomes harbored the CRISPR-Cas system, all of them were subtype III-A, which is characterized by the presence of the <jats:italic>cas10\/csm1<\/jats:italic> gene. Analysis of SSs showed that 91% (40\/44) had no match to annotated MGEs and 9% of SSs corresponded to plasmids and bacteriophages, indicating that those phages had infected those <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> strains. Some of those phages have been proposed as an alternative therapy in biofilm-forming or infection with <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> strains, but these findings indicate that such antibiotic phage strategy would be ineffective. More research about the CRISPR\/Cas system is necessary for a bigger number of <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> strains from different sources, so additional features can be studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.656996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T07:14:25Z","timestamp":1622618065000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Identification and Characterization of the CRISPR\/Cas System in Staphylococcus aureus Strains From Diverse Sources"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Erick Adrian","family":"Cruz-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gildardo","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Antonia","family":"Cruz-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Mart\u00ednez-V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graciela","family":"Castro-Escarpulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"Flores-Magall\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"V\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy Lizeth","family":"Cruz-Pulido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virgilio","family":"Bocanegra-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110726","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110726","article-title":"MacSyFinder: a program to mine genomes for molecular systems with an application to CRISPR-Cas systems","volume":"9","author":"Abby","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0020","article-title":"First detection and genomic insight into mcr-1 encoding plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene in Escherichia coli ST101 isolated from the migratory bird species Hirundo rustica in Thailand","volume":"25","author":"Aeksiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb. 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