{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T03:41:47Z","timestamp":1785469307585,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>New Delhi metallo-\u03b2-lactamase, a metallo-\u03b2-lactamase carbapenemase type, mediates resistance to most \u03b2-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. Therefore, it is important to detect <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> genes in children\u2019s clinical samples as quickly as possible and analyze their characteristics. Here, a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay, which operates in a single one-step reaction tube at 39\u00b0C in 5\u221215 min, was established to target <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> genes in children\u2019s clinical samples. The analytical sensitivity of the RAA assay was 20 copies, and the various bacterial types without <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> genes did not amplify. This method was used to detect <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> genes in 112 children\u2019s stool samples, 10 of which were tested positive by both RAA and standard PCR. To further investigate the characteristics of carbapenem-resistant bacteria carrying <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> in children, 15 carbapenem-resistant bacteria (<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Citrobacter freundii<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Acinetobacter junii<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Proteus mirabilis<\/jats:italic>) were isolated from the 10 samples. Notably, more than one bacterial type was isolated from three samples. Most of these isolates were resistant to cephalosporins, cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, co-trimoxazole, and carbapenems. <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub><jats:sub>\u2013<\/jats:sub><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub><jats:sub>\u2013<\/jats:sub><jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub> were the two main types in these samples. These data show that the RAA assay has potential to be a sensitive and rapid <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> gene screening test for clinical samples. The common existence of <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>NDM<\/jats:sub> and multi-drug resistance genes presents major challenges for pediatric treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.691289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T11:37:11Z","timestamp":1626953831000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Rapid Detection of New Delhi Metallo-\u03b2-Lactamase Gene Using Recombinase-Aided Amplification Directly on Clinical Samples From Children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yanling","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanhua","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxia","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghua","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanqin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nannan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuheng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxiang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4176-z","article-title":"Evaluation of the SpeeDx Carba (beta) multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of NDM, KPC, OXA-48-like, IMP-4-like and VIM carbapenemase genes.","volume":"19","author":"Bordin","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. 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