{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T21:20:08Z","timestamp":1783977608887,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Renal calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are a common kidney disease. There are few methods for reducing the formation of these stones. However, the potential of probiotics for reducing renal stones has received increasing interest. We previously isolated a strain of <jats:italic>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum<\/jats:italic> N-1 from traditional cheese in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects of N-1 on renal CaOx crystal deposition. Thirty rats were randomly allocated to three groups: control group (ddH2O by gavage), model group [ddH2O by gavage and 1% ethylene glycol (EG) in drinking water], and <jats:italic>Lactiplantibacillus<\/jats:italic> group (N-1 by gavage and 1% EG in drinking water). After 4 weeks, compared with the model group, the group treated with N-1 exhibited significantly reduced renal crystals (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). In the ileum and caecum, the relative abundances of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Eubacterium ventriosum<\/jats:italic> were higher in the control group, and those of <jats:italic>Ruminococcaceae UCG 007<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rikenellaceae RC9<\/jats:italic> were higher in the N-1-supplemented group. In contrast, the relative abundances of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Corynebacterium 1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Jeotgalicoccus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Psychrobacter<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Aerococcus<\/jats:italic> were higher in the model group. We also predicted that the arginase level would be higher in the ileal microbiota of the model group than in the N-1-supplemented group with PICRUSt2. The arginase activity was higher, while the level of arginine was lower in the ileal contents of the model group than in the N-1-supplemented group. The arginine level in the blood was also higher in the N-1-supplemented group than in the model group. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> studies showed that exposure to arginine could reduce CaOx crystal adhesion to renal epithelial HK-2 cells. Our findings highlighted the important role of N-1 in reducing renal CaOx crystals by regulating arginine metabolism in the gut microbiota. Probiotics containing <jats:italic>L. plantarum<\/jats:italic> N-1 may be potential therapies for preventing renal CaOx stones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.743097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T00:48:25Z","timestamp":1632530905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Reduced Renal Calcium Oxalate Stones by Regulating Arginine Metabolism in Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyu","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yucheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqian","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-011-0421-7","article-title":"Acute probiotic ingestion reduces gastrointestinal oxalate absorption in healthy subjects.","volume":"40","author":"Al-Wahsh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Urol. 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