{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:55:13Z","timestamp":1790700913757,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> The isolation rate of serogroup 15 <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> has been increasing since developing countries began administering the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> We detected the antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of 126 serogroup 15 <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from children in China. Serotypes were determined via the Quellung reaction. Antibiotic resistance was tested using the <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>-test or disc diffusion method. Sequence types were assigned via multilocus sequence typing. Data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The frequencies of <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> serotypes 15A, 15B, 15C, and 15F were 29.37, 40.48, 28.57, and 1.59%, respectively. Continuous-monitoring data from Beijing showed that the annual isolation rates of serogroup 15 <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> were 7.64, 7.17, 2.58, 4.35, 3.85, 7.41, and 10.53%, respectively, from 2013 to 2019. All 126 serogroup 15 strains were susceptible to vancomycin and ceftriaxone. The non-susceptibility rate to penicillin was 78.57%. All strains were resistant to erythromycin with high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). The multidrug resistance rate was 78.57%. The most common clonal complexes were CC3397, CC6011, CC10088, CC9785, and ST8589.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Serogroup 15 <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is common among children in China, and these strains should be continuously monitored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.778985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T07:11:26Z","timestamp":1641366686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Biological Characteristics of Non-13-Valent-Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Serogroup 15 Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated From Children in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaihu","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.10.037","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal disease isolated from a paediatric patient.","volume":"90","author":"Arushothy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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