{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:12:09Z","timestamp":1790471529254,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection of the female lower genital tract can present with a spectrum of phenotypes ranging from asymptomatic carriage to symptomatic cervical inflammation, or cervicitis. The factors that contribute to the development of asymptomatic or symptomatic infections are largely uncharacterized. We conducted a pilot study to assess differences in the cervicovaginal microbial community of patients presenting with symptomatic vs. asymptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections to a sexually transmitted infections (STI) clinic. DNA was isolated from cervicovaginal swab specimens from women who tested positive for\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection using a clinical diagnostic nucleic acid amplification test. We performed deep sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons, followed by microbiome analyses with QIIME, and species-specific real-time PCR to assess the composition of microbial communities cohabitating the lower genital tract with the infecting\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Specimens collected from asymptomatic individuals with\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and no co-infection with\n                    <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\/or\n                    <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    carried\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus-<\/jats:italic>\n                    dominant microbial communities more frequently than symptomatic patients without co-infection. When compared to asymptomatic individuals, symptomatic women had microbial communities characterized by more diverse and heterogenous bacterial taxa, typically associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) [\n                    <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sneathia<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and Bacterial Vaginosis-Associated Bacterium-1 (BVAB1)\/\u201c\n                    <jats:italic>Candidatus Lachnocurva vaginae<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d]. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    patients with additional STI co-infection displayed a BV-like microbial community. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus-<\/jats:italic>\n                    dominant vaginal microbial community may protect individuals from developing symptoms during lower genital tract infection with\n                    <jats:italic>N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.790531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T05:08:04Z","timestamp":1644469684000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cervicovaginal Microbiota Predicts Neisseria gonorrhoeae Clinical Presentation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Lovett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arlene C.","family":"Se\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew N.","family":"Macintyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Sempowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Duncan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreea","family":"Waltmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000247627.84791.91","article-title":"Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis: 2001-2004 national health and nutrition examination survey data.","volume":"109","author":"Allsworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet. 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