{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:18:54Z","timestamp":1787026734767,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a zoonotic pathogen that causes invasive infections in humans and pigs. Although\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    serotype 2 is prevalent among patient and swine infections, other serotypes are occasionally detected in humans. Of these, serotype 24 clonal complex (CC) 221\/234 are recognized as emerging clones of human infection. Genomic exploration of three\n                    <jats:italic>S. suis<\/jats:italic>\n                    serotype 24 CC221\/234 strains revealed antimicrobial resistance genes, pathotyping, virulence-associated gene (VAG) profiles, minimum core genome (MCG) typing, and comparison of the genomes. Based on these analyzes, all three serotype 24 strains were MCG7-3 and should be classified in the intermediate\/weakly virulent (I\/WV) group. All selected serotype 24 strains were susceptible to several antibiotics including \u03b2-lactam, fluoroquinolone, and chloramphenicol. Resistance to tetracycline, macrolide, and clindamycin was observed and attributed to the genes\n                    <jats:italic>tet(O)<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>erm(B)<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Genomic comparison revealed the strains S12X, LSS66, LS0L, LS0E, 92\u20134,172, and IMT40201 that had phylogenetic affinity with serotype 24 CC221\/234. Analysis of 80 virulence-associated genes (VAG) showed that all three serotype 24 strains lacked 24 genes consisting of adhesin P,\n                    <jats:italic>epf, hyl, ihk, irr, mrp, nadR, neuB, NisK\/R, ofs<\/jats:italic>\n                    , permease\n                    <jats:italic>(SSU0835), rgg, revS, salK\/R, sao, sly, spyM3_0908, srtBCD, srtF, srtG, SSU05_0473, virA, virB4<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>virD4.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Eleven specific sequences were identified in the 3 serotype 24 genomes that differed from the genomes of the representative strains of epidemic (E; SC84), highly virulent (HV; P1\/7), I\/WV (89\u20131,591), and avirulent (T15 and 05HAS68).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.812436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T05:27:37Z","timestamp":1640237257000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Genomic Characterization of Streptococcus suis Serotype 24 Clonal Complex 221\/234 From Human Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Anusak","family":"Kerdsin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rujirat","family":"Hatrongjit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thidathip","family":"Wongsurawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piroon","family":"Jenjaroenpun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peechanika","family":"Chopjitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parichart","family":"Boueroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahuel","family":"Fittipaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Gottschalk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-12-402","article-title":"BLAST ring image generator (BRIG): simple prokaryote genome comparisons.","volume":"12","author":"Alikhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01191","article-title":"Whole genome investigation of a divergent clade of the pathogen Streptococcus suis.","volume":"6","author":"Baig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. 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