{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:58:03Z","timestamp":1790348283808,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pleural tuberculous is difficult to diagnose. Culture is still considered the gold standard, especially in resource-limited settings where quick, cheap, and easy techniques are needed. The aim of the study was to evaluate resuscitation-promoting factors (Rpfs)-based thin layer agar (TLA) culture method for quick detection of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> in pleural fluid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with suspected pleural TB were enrolled prospectively in our hospital, pleural fluid of all patients were collected, stained with Ziehl\u2013Neelsen for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), cultured on Rpfs-TLA, TLA, and L\u00f6wenstein\u2013Jensen (LJ) medium, and identified according to recommended procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 137 suspected pleural TB were enrolled and categorized, including 103 pleural TB (49 confirmed and 54 probable pleural TB) and 34 non-TBP patients. The sensitivity of Rpfs-TLA for total pleural TB was 43.7% (34.5\u223c53.3%), higher than that of TLA 29.1% (21.2\u223c38.5%) and LJ 26.2% (18.7\u223c35.5%) (<jats:italic>p &amp;lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.01), and all specificity was 100% in the diagnosis of pleural TB. Median time to detection of a positive culture was 11.8 days (95% CI 10.4\u223c13.4) for Rpfs-TLA, 21.0 days (95% CI 19.1\u223c22.9) for TLA, and 30.5 days (95% CI 28.5\u223c32.5) for LJ (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rpfs-TLA is an accurate, rapid, cheap, and easy culture method, which makes it promising for use in clinical laboratories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.803521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T06:38:19Z","timestamp":1644993499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Rapid Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Pleural Fluid Using Resuscitation-Promoting Factor-Based Thin Layer Agar Culture Method"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fengjiao","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiying","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boping","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongrong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongquan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongde","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0136","article-title":"The thin-layer agar method for direct phenotypic detection of multi-and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.","volume":"19","author":"Ardizzoni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. 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