{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:58:47Z","timestamp":1789181927683,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of supplemental zinc methionine (Zn\u2013Met) on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of meat ducks challenged with avian pathogenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (APEC). A total of 480 1-day-old Cherry Valley male ducks were randomly assigned to 8 treatments with 10 replicates, each replicate containing 10 ducks. A 4 \u00d7 2 factor design was used with four dietary zinc levels (0, 30, 60, 120 mg Zn\/kg in the form Zn\u2013Met was added to the corn\u2013soybean basal diet) and challenged with or without APEC at 8-days-old ducks. The trial lasted for 14 days. The results showed that a dietary Zn\u2013Met supplementation significantly increased body weight (BW) of 14 days and BW gain, and decreased mortality during 7\u201314-days-old ducks (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, dietary 30, 60, 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met supplementation noticeably increased the thymus index at 2 days post-infection (2 DPI) and 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), and 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met enhanced the serum IgA at 2 DPI and IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 at 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). In addition, dietary 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met supplementation dramatically increased villus height and villus height\/crypt depth (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>) of jejunum at 2 DPI and 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The <jats:italic>TNF-<\/jats:italic>\u03b1 and <jats:italic>IFN-<\/jats:italic>\u03b3 mRNA expression were downregulated after supplemented with 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met in jejunum at 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). Moreover, dietary 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met supplementation stimulated <jats:italic>ZO-3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OCLN<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression at 2 DPI and <jats:italic>ZO-2<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression in jejunum at 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), and improved the MUC2 concentration in jejunum at 2 DPI and 8 DPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). At the same time, the cecal <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> counts were increased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), and <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> counts were decreased (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) after supplemented with Zn\u2013Met. In conclusion, inclusion of 120 mg\/kg Zn\u2013Met minimizes the adverse effects of APEC challenge on meat ducks by improving growth performance and enhancing immune function and intestinal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.849067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T17:19:46Z","timestamp":1651598386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of Dietary Zinc Methionine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Intestinal Health of Cherry Valley Ducks Challenged With Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangmang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fali","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2019.03.008","article-title":"Effect of different sources and contents of zinc on growth performance, carcass characteristics, humoral immunity and antioxidant status of broiler chickens exposed to high environmental temperatures.","volume":"223","author":"Akhavan-Salamat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Livest. 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