{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:08:19Z","timestamp":1791486499981,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic> pv. <jats:italic>tomato<\/jats:italic> DC3000 (<jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>DC3000) is an important plant pathogen that infects tomatoes and <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>. Thiamine and its derivative thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) are cofactors that play an important role in the growth and survival of many bacterial microorganisms. However, the role of thiamine-related genes has not been determined in <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>DC3000. Hence, to investigate the role of TPP in growth, resistance to stresses, and virulence of <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>DC3000, double and quadruple mutants of thiamine biosynthesis-related genes (<jats:italic>thiD\/E, thiS\/G<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>thiD\/E\/S\/G<\/jats:italic> deletion mutants) as well as a single mutant of a lipoprotein-related gene (<jats:italic>apbE<\/jats:italic>) were constructed. Our results showed that growth of the <jats:italic>thiD\/E, thiS\/G<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>thiD\/E\/S\/G<\/jats:italic> mutants in the mannitol-glutamate (MG) medium was significantly lower than that of the wild type (WT) and their growth could be restored to the WT level with the addition of exogenous thiamine, whereas mutation of the <jats:italic>apbE<\/jats:italic> gene did not affect its growth <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. While tolerance to acid, osmotic, and oxidative stresses for the double mutants was similar to the WT, tolerance to stresses for the <jats:italic>apbE<\/jats:italic> mutant was reduced as compared to the WT. In addition, all four mutants exhibited reduced virulence and growth in tomatoes. However, when the double and quadruple mutants were inoculated with exogenous thiamine, the virulence and growth rate of these mutants were restored to the WT level. These results indicated that the <jats:italic>thiD\/E, thiS\/G<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>thiD\/E\/S\/G<\/jats:italic> mutants exhibiting growth deficiency in <jats:italic>planta<\/jats:italic> are probably due to a lack of thiamine biosynthesis, thus reducing colonization in tomatoes. On the other hand, it is possible that the <jats:italic>apbE<\/jats:italic> mutant exhibited reduced stress tolerances, thus resulting in reduced colonization. Overall, our findings suggest that the thiamine biosynthetic (TBS) pathway plays an important role in the colonization and infection of <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>DC3000. Therefore, the thiamine biosynthetic pathway could be used as the target to develop new control measures for a bacterial spot in tomatoes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.903258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T07:03:03Z","timestamp":1655449383000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Thiamine Is Required for Virulence and Survival of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 on Tomatoes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youfu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.4.885-891.1998","article-title":"The apbE gene encodes a lipoprotein involved in thiamine synthesis in Salmonella typhimurium","volume":"180","author":"Beck","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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