{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T08:26:30Z","timestamp":1784881590878,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A red yeast isolated from orange and grape soil and identified by the 26S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that it was <jats:italic>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> and named TZR<jats:sub>2014<\/jats:sub>. Its biomass and carotenoid production reached a maximum when using the fermentation medium with pH 6.0, containing 5% glucose, 1% peptone, and 1.5% yeast powder. TZR<jats:sub>2014<\/jats:sub> was resistant to 55\u00b0C for 15 min, 0.2% pig bile salts for 4 h, and artificial gastric and intestinal fluids. A total of thirty 28-day weaned pigs were divided into three groups, and the piglets were fed a basal diet (CON), a basal diet and orally administered 1 ml 1.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup> CFU\/ml <jats:italic>Candida utilis<\/jats:italic> DSM 2361 three times (<jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic>), or a basal diet and orally administered 1 ml 1.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup> CFU\/mL TZR<jats:sub>2014<\/jats:sub> three times daily (<jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic>) for 4 weeks. Compared with the piglets in the CON group, those in the <jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> group reported an increased average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and a decreased feed\/gain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The diarrhea rate of piglets in the <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> group was lower than that in the CON and <jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic> groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). Compared with that in the CON and <jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic> groups, the <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> group reported an increased ileum villus height (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), serum concentration of total antioxidant content, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and pepsin and lipase activities in the intestinal content, while it reported a decreased serum concentration of malondialdehyde and pH of the intestinal tract (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The relative abundances of <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Megasphaera<\/jats:italic> of caecum in the <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> group were lower than those in the CON and <jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic> group<jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). The relative abundances of <jats:italic>Prevotella, Ruminococcaceae, Succinivibrio, Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Roseburia<\/jats:italic> of caecum in the <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> group were higher than those in the CON and <jats:italic>C. utilis<\/jats:italic> group<jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> TZR<jats:sub>2014<\/jats:sub> can produce carotenoids and adapts to the animal's gastrointestinal environment. Oral <jats:italic>R. mucilaginosa<\/jats:italic> TZR<jats:sub>2014<\/jats:sub> improved growth performance, enhanced antioxidant capacity, strengthened gastrointestinal digestion, and maintained the intestinal microbiological balance of piglets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.922136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]],"date-time":"2022-07-12T06:38:11Z","timestamp":1657607891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Isolation, Identification, and Function of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa TZR2014 and Its Effects on the Growth and Health of Weaned Piglets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junxia","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weizhong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiru","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2005.01.011","article-title":"Carotenoids production by the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: use of agricultural wastes as a carbon source","volume":"40","author":"Aksu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3390\/md12010128","article-title":"Astaxanthin: sources, extraction, stability, biological activities and its commercial applications-a review","volume":"12","author":"Ambati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. 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