{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:31:13Z","timestamp":1771461073695,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a serious global health problem. Spain is the fifth country in Europe with the highest consumption of antibiotics, due in part to ignorance of the good use of these drugs and the problem of AMR. To avoid a post-antibiotic era, adequate training on this problem is key to create social awareness. This study aimed to evaluate the impact that the SWICEU project, an academic program about antibiotic discovery, has had on the knowledge of AMR and rational use of antimicrobials in pre-university students from seven schools in the province of Valencia during five academic years (2017\u20132021), as well as to evaluate the level of satisfaction of university and pre-university students who have participated in the project. For this study, a survey was carried out with multiple-choice questions with a single correct answer to evaluate the knowledge acquired by pre-university students before and after the project. A satisfaction survey was also designed with a Likert scale from the lowest to the highest level of satisfaction for the two groups of students after the project. Data on knowledge surveys indicated an increase in the mean number of correct answers after the sessions. In satisfaction surveys, we highlighted the issue that referred to the project\u2019s recommendation. The data obtained confirm this project as a valuable activity, as it allows learning about AMR and the rational use of antibiotics in a pleasing and attractive way for young pre-university and university students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T07:05:16Z","timestamp":1660115116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of knowledge about antibiotics and engagement with a research experience on antimicrobial resistance between pre-university and university students for five school years (2017\u20132021)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tar\u00edn-Pell\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Suay-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Marco-Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Galiana-Rosell\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose I.","family":"Bueso-Bordils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda-Teresa","family":"P\u00e9rez-Gracia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.576315","article-title":"Evaluation of the Impact of the Tiny Earth Project on the Knowledge About Antibiotics of Pre-university Students in the Province of Valencia on Three Different School Years (2017-2020).","volume":"11","author":"Bueso-Bordils","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2016.12.005","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance: A current epilogue.","volume":"134","author":"Dodds","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2016.1151353","article-title":"How can we improve antibiotic prescribing in primary care?","volume":"14","author":"Dyar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Third joint inter-agency report on integrated analysis of consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals in the EU\/EEA, JIACRA III. 2016-2018\u201d.","DOI":"10.2900\/056892"},{"key":"B5","year":"2018","journal-title":"Special Eurobarometer 478- November 2018. Final Report\u201d. Brussels (BE). \u201cAntimicrobial Resistance\u201d Report."},{"key":"B6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Statistics Explained."},{"key":"B7","author":"Fleming","year":"1945","journal-title":"Nobel Lecture. NobelPrize.org."},{"key":"B8","year":"2021","journal-title":"Priorities of the Global Leaders Group on AMR for 2021-2022."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2016.10.006","article-title":"Selling antimicrobials without prescription\u2014far beyond an administrative problem.","volume":"36","author":"Guinovart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sick. Infect. Microbial Clin."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240471","article-title":"The Mould that Changed the World: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of children\u2019s knowledge and motivation for behavioural change following participation in an antimicrobial resistance musical.","volume":"15","author":"Hall","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11050644","article-title":"Fighting Back against Antimicrobial Resistance with Comprehensive Policy and Education: A Narrative Review.","volume":"11","author":"Hayes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01669","article-title":"The Demand for New Antibiotics: Antimicrobial Peptides, Nanoparticles, and Combinatorial Therapies as Future Strategies in Antibacterial Agent Design.","volume":"11","author":"Le\u00f3n-Buitimea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2008.02.035","article-title":"Antibiotic overuse: the influence of social norms.","volume":"207","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Surg."},{"key":"B14","year":"2021","journal-title":"Campa\u00f1a PRAN \u201c."},{"key":"B15","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tackling Drug-Resistant Infections Globally: Final Report and Recommendations\u201d. Review on Antimicrobial Resistance."},{"key":"B16","author":"P\u00e9rez-Gracia","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Silent Pandemic: Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics."},{"key":"B17","first-page":"89","article-title":"Discovery of new antibiotics: implementation of the Small World Initiative project at the Cardenal Herrera-CEU University (SWI@CEU)","author":"P\u00e9rez-Gracia","year":"2018","journal-title":"VII Conference on Innovation and Improvement of Teaching."},{"key":"B18","year":"2015","journal-title":"SmallWorldInitiative<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> CrowdsourcingAntibioticDiscovery\u2122."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"965","article-title":"Evaluation of the Infectious Diseases Society of America\u2019s Core Antimicrobial Stewardship Curriculum for Infectious Diseases Fellows.","volume":"47","author":"Spicer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis. Off. Publ. Infect. Dis. Soc. Am."},{"key":"B20","year":"","journal-title":"SWICEU UCH."},{"key":"B21","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tiny Earth."},{"key":"B22","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotic Use, CDC."},{"key":"B23","year":"2016","journal-title":"\u201cSmall World Initiative@UCM."},{"key":"B24","year":"2018","journal-title":"\u201cAntibiotic resistance\u201d. WHO Library"},{"key":"B25","year":"2019","journal-title":"\u201c13th General Programme of Work 2019-2023: promote health, preserve global security, serve vulnerable populations\u201d. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO."},{"key":"B26","year":"2021","journal-title":"\u201cCall to Action on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)\u201d."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959187\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T07:05:20Z","timestamp":1660115120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959187\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959187","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"article-number":"959187"}}