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Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can be effectively suppressed by life-long administration of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). However, the viral rebound can occur upon cART cessation due to the long-term presence of HIV reservoirs, posing a considerable barrier to drug-free viral remission. Memory CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell subsets, especially T follicular helper (T<jats:sub><jats:italic>FH<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) cells that reside in B-cell follicles within lymphoid tissues, are regarded as the predominant cellular compartment of the HIV reservoir. Substantial evidence indicates that HIV-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell-mediated cellular immunity can sustain long-term disease-free and transmission-free HIV control in elite controllers. However, most HIV cure strategies that rely on expanded HIV-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells for virus control are likely to fail due to cellular exhaustion and T<jats:sub><jats:italic>FH<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> reservoir-specialized anatomical structures that isolate HIV-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell entry into B-cell follicles. Loss of stem-like memory properties is a key feature of exhaustion. Recent studies have found that CXC chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5)-expressing HIV-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells are memory-like CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells that can migrate into B-cell follicles to execute inhibition of viral replication. Furthermore, these unique CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells can respond to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. In this review, we discuss the functions of these CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells as well as the translation of findings into viable HIV treatment and cure strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.998058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T05:05:21Z","timestamp":1668402321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of CXCR5+ CD8+ T cells in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Leiqiong","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilin","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.622343","article-title":"Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells Expressing CXCR5 Are detectable in HIV-1 elite controllers after prolonged in vitro peptide stimulation.","volume":"11","author":"Adams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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