{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:59:34Z","timestamp":1783763974203,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Different types of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)<\/jats:italic> were analyzed to determine their infection characteristics using serology, pathology, and non-magnification white light endoscopy combined with the Kimura\u2013Takemoto classification, and the regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) as well.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of 685 inpatients who have completed the <jats:sup>14<\/jats:sup>C-urea breath test, the <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> antibody typing classification, the serum gastric function tests (PGI\/PGII\/G-17), the endoscope detection, and the pathological examinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of PGI, PGII, and G-17 were in descending order from the type I <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group to the type II <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group than the control group (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914.31; 26.23; 9.12, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). Using the Kimura\u2013Takemoto classification, there were significant differences among the three groups of different degrees of atrophy (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>\u03c7<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula>=29.81; 482.78; 292.5, <jats:italic>P&amp;lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.01). Based on the characteristics of RAC, the <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection rates were in descending order from the type I <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group to the type II <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group than the control group (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>\u03c7<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup><mml:mspace width=\"thickmathspace\"\/><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula>=\u2009200.39; 174.72; 143.51, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The type I <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group had higher grades than those of the type II <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection group in the OLGA and OLGIM staging systems, while the differences are statistically significant only in the OLGA staging system (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>\u03c7<\/mml:mi><mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula>=10.63, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the aid of non-amplified white light endoscopy, we found new evidence of type I <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection accelerating the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy through the degree of atrophy and the range of infection, whereas type II <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection has a low ability of migration and atrophy progression. Individual virulence factor-based eradication therapy may be a better choice in future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.999564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T05:16:32Z","timestamp":1673586992000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characteristics of different types of Helicobacter pylori: New evidence from non-amplified white light endoscopy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Weidong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjia","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010027","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori virulence factors-mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity in the gastric microenvironment","volume":"10","author":"Baj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.12.029","article-title":"The staging of gastritis with the OLGA system by using intestinal metaplasia as an accurate alternative for atrophic gastritis","volume":"71","author":"Capelle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastrointest. 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