{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T04:19:49Z","timestamp":1777436389204,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>With more public interest in consuming locally grown produce, small specialty crop farms (SSCF) are a viable and growing segment of the food production chain in the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this study was to investigate the genomic diversity of <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> isolated from dairy manure (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200969) collected from 10 SSCF in Northeast Ohio between 2018 and 2020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 56 <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic> and 13 <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates were sequenced. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) identified 22 sequence types (STs), with ST-922 (18%) and ST-61 (13%) predominant in <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic> and ST-829 (62%) and ST-1068 (38%) predominant in <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic>. Interestingly, isolates with similar genomic and gene contents were detected within and between SSCF over time, suggesting that <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> could be transmitted between farms and may persist in a given SSCF over time. Virulence-associated genes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935) involved in the uptake and utilization of potassium and organic compounds (succinate, gluconate, oxoglutarate, and malate) were detected only in the <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic> isolates, while 45 genes associated with increased resistance to environmental stresses (capsule production, cell envelope integrity, and iron uptake) were detected only in the <jats:italic>C. coli<\/jats:italic> isolates. <jats:italic>Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic> isolates were also sub-divided into two distinct clusters based on the presence of unique prophages (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200921) or IncQ conjugative plasmid\/type-IV secretion system genes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915). <jats:italic>Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic> isolates harbored genes associated with resistance to streptomycin (<jats:italic>aadE-Cc<\/jats:italic>; 54%) and quinolone (<jats:italic>gyrA-T86I<\/jats:italic>; 77%), while <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic> had resistance genes for kanamycin (<jats:italic>aph3\u2019-IIIa<\/jats:italic>; 20%). Both species harbored resistance genes associated with \u03b2-lactam (especially, <jats:italic>blaOXA-193<\/jats:italic>; up to 100%) and tetracycline (<jats:italic>tetO<\/jats:italic>; up to 59%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion\/Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrated that <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic> genome plasticity associated with conjugative transfer might provide resistance to certain antimicrobials and viral infections <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the acquisition of protein-encoding genes involved in mechanisms such as ribosomal protection and capsule modification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1074548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T05:39:20Z","timestamp":1679377160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Whole genome characterization of thermophilic Campylobacter species isolated from dairy manure in small specialty crop farms of Northeast Ohio"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Loic","family":"Deblais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyein","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Kauffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayanthi","family":"Gangiredla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saritha","family":"Basa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jelmer W.","family":"Poelstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uma S.","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelli L.","family":"Hiett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kannan V.","family":"Balan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gireesh","family":"Rajashekara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3136","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03136","article-title":"Dairy Cattle, a Potential Reservoir of Human Campylobacteriosis: Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of Campylobacter jejuni From Cattle Farms","volume":"9","author":"An","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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