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Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Realgar has a long history ofuse in traditional medicines. However, the mechanism through which Realgar or <jats:italic>Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula<\/jats:italic> (RIF) exert therapeutic effects is only partially understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, 60 feces and 60 ileum samples from rats administered with realgar or RIF were collected to examine the gut microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that realgar and RIF influenced different microbiota in both feces and ileum. Compared with realgar, RIF at low dosage (0.1701 g\/3 ml) significantly increased the microbiota diversity. LEfSe and random forest analyses showed that the bacterium <jats:italic>Bacteroidales<\/jats:italic> was significantly altered after RIF administration, and it was predicted that these microorganisms contribute to the inorganic arsenic metabolic process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that realgar and RIF may exert their therapeutic effects through influencing microbiota. The low dose of RIF had greater effects on increasing the diversity of microbiota, and <jats:italic>Bacteroidales<\/jats:italic> in feces might participate in the inorganic arsenic metabolic process to exert therapeutic effects for realgar.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1143173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]],"date-time":"2023-04-18T05:10:21Z","timestamp":1681794621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Traditional mineral medicine realgar and Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula potentially exerted therapeutic effects by altering the gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaofeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanxi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaochu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maowen","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jialei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-4-2\/FIGURES\/12","article-title":"An automated method for finding molecular complexes in large protein interaction networks.","volume":"4","author":"Bader","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MATLET.2009.04.008","article-title":"Mechanochemical preparation and anticancer effect of realgar As4S4 nanoparticles.","volume":"63","author":"Bal\u00e1\u017e","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. 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