{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:26:35Z","timestamp":1793039195326,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Malaria transmission occurs when\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      sporozoites are transferred from the salivary glands of anopheline mosquitoes to a human host through the injection of saliva. The need for better understanding, as well as novel modes of inhibiting, this key event in transmission has driven intense study of the protein and miRNA content of saliva. Until now the possibility that mosquito saliva may also contain bacteria has remained an open question despite the well documented presence of a rich microbiome in salivary glands.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using both 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI-TOF approaches, we characterized the composition of the saliva microbiome of\n                      <jats:italic>An. gambiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>An. stephensi<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes which respectively represent two of the most important vectors for the major malaria-causing parasites\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To eliminate the possible detection of non-mosquito-derived bacteria, we used a transgenic, fluorescent strain of one of the identified bacteria,\n                      <jats:italic>Serratia<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>marcescens<\/jats:italic>\n                      , to infect mosquitoes and detect its presence in mosquito salivary glands as well as its transfer to, and colonization of, mammalian host tissues following a mosquito bite.  We also showed that\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection modified the mosquito microbiota, increasing the presence of Serratia while diminishing the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>Elizabethkingia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and that both\n                      <jats:italic>P. berghei<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Serratia<\/jats:italic>\n                      were transferred to, and colonized mammalian tissues.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These data thus document the presence of bacteria in mosquito saliva, their transfer to, and growth in a mammalian host as well as possible interactions with\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      transmission. Together they raise the possible role of mosquitoes as vectors of bacterial infection and the utility of commensal mosquito bacteria for the development of transmission-blocking strategies within a mammalian host.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1157613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T06:16:45Z","timestamp":1689661005000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Anopheline mosquito saliva contains bacteria that are transferred to a mammalian host through blood feeding"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Accoti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Damiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Nunzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Cappelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Iacomelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Monacchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"D\u2019Al\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Peirce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Favia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Spaccapelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1350","article-title":"Quantitative imaging of plasmodium transmission from mosquito to mammal","volume":"12","author":"Amino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39880-1","article-title":"MicroRNAs from saliva of anopheline mosquitoes mimic human endogenous miRNAs and may contribute to vector-host-pathogen interactions","volume":"9","author":"Arc\u00e0","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2006.10.007","article-title":"An insight into the sialome of the adult female mosquito Aedes albopictus","volume":"37","author":"Arc\u00e0","year":"2007","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cois.2018.07.012","article-title":"Saliva of hematophagous insects: a multifaceted toolkit","volume":"29","author":"Arc\u00e0","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Insect Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0309121","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03091-21","article-title":"Immunomodulation by mosquito salivary protein AgSAP contributes to early host infection by plasmodium","volume":"12","author":"Arora","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01580","article-title":"A gut symbiotic bacterium Serratia marcescens renders mosquito resistance to plasmodium infection through activation of mosquito immune responses","volume":"10","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s42690-020-00310-9","article-title":"Cultivable bacterial communities associated with the salivary gland of Aedes aegypti","volume":"41","author":"Balaji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Trop Insect Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2101746","article-title":"Evidence of artemisinin-resistant malaria in Africa","volume":"385","author":"Balikagala","year":"2021","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01641","article-title":"Intra-specific diversity of Serratia marcescens in Anopheles mosquito midgut defines plasmodium transmission capacity","volume":"3","author":"Bando","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002742","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002742","article-title":"Midgut microbiota of the malaria mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae and interactions with plasmodium falciparum infection","volume":"8","author":"Boissi\u00e8re","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-019-0209-9","article-title":"Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2","volume":"37","author":"Bolyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","article-title":"DADA2: high-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data","volume":"13","author":"Callahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01073-2","article-title":"The microbiome and mosquito vectorial capacity: rich potential for discovery and translation","volume":"9","author":"Cansado-Utrilla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-182","article-title":"Interactions between Asaia, plasmodium and Anopheles: new insights into mosquito symbiosis and implications in malaria symbiotic control","volume":"6","author":"Capone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5643","article-title":"A bacterium against the tiger: preliminary evidence of fertility reduction after release of Aedes albopictus males with manipulated Wolbachia infection in an Italian urban area","volume":"76","author":"Caputo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pest Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-011320-025557","article-title":"Prospects and pitfalls: next-generation tools to control mosquito-transmitted disease","volume":"74","author":"Caragata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01483","article-title":"Genomic, physiologic, and symbiotic characterization of Serratia marcescens strains isolated from the mosquito Anopheles stephensi","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7444","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01747-10","article-title":"Molecular evidence for multiple infections as revealed by typing of Asaia bacterial symbionts of four mosquito species","volume":"76","author":"Chouaia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1201618","article-title":"Natural microbe-mediated refractoriness to plasmodium infection in Anopheles gambiae","volume":"332","author":"Cirimotich","year":"","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.09.006","article-title":"Native microbiota shape insect vector competence for human pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Cirimotich","year":"","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"473","article-title":"Model systems to evaluate the use of transgenic haematophagous insects to deliver protective vaccines","volume":"41","author":"Crampton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0471-x","article-title":"Efficient production of male Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes enables large-scale suppression of wild populations","volume":"38","author":"Crawford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-010-9704-8","article-title":"Mosquito-bacteria symbiosis: the case of Anopheles gambiae and Asaia","volume":"60","author":"Damiani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2018.07.001","article-title":"Antimalarial transmission-blocking interventions: past, present, and future","volume":"34","author":"Delves","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1468-2","article-title":"Functional genomic analyses of Enterobacter, Anopheles and plasmodium reciprocal interactions that impact vector competence","volume":"15","author":"Dennison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Malar. J."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8088","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413835112","article-title":"Transmission potential of Rickettsia felis infection by Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes","volume":"112","author":"Dieme","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.01928-06","article-title":"Uninfected mosquito bites confer protection against infection with malaria parasites","volume":"75","author":"Donovan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3274","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.7.3274","article-title":"Prevention of insect-borne disease: an approach using transgenic symbiotic bacteria","volume":"94","author":"Durvasula","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.11.003","article-title":"Contamination in low microbial biomass microbiome studies: issues and recommendations","volume":"27","author":"Eisenhofer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0238931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238931","article-title":"Mosquito midgut Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens affect the fitness of adult female Anopheles gambiae s.l","volume":"15","author":"Ezemuoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.1989.tb00473.x","article-title":"Selection of Anopheles stephensi for refractoriness and susceptibility to plasmodium falciparum","volume":"3","author":"Feldmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1109\/TNB.2014.2340134","article-title":"Modeling CD40-based molecular Communications in Blood Vessels","volume":"13","author":"Felicetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Nanobioscience"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-187","article-title":"Implication of haematophagous arthropod salivary proteins in host-vector interactions","volume":"4","author":"Fontaine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-021-00899-8","article-title":"A natural symbiotic bacterium drives mosquito refractoriness to plasmodium infection via secretion of an antimalarial lipase","volume":"6","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.09.029","article-title":"Composition of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae microbiota from larval to adult stages","volume":"28","author":"Gimonneau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0435-2","article-title":"The mosquito holobiont: fresh insight into mosquito-microbiota interactions","volume":"6","author":"Gu\u00e9gan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.17.131","article-title":"Pathogenicity of Serratia Marcescens for Mice","volume":"17","author":"Hagihara","year":"1970","journal-title":"Kurume Med. J."},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evu160","article-title":"Genome evolution and plasticity of Serratia marcescens, an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen","volume":"6","author":"Iguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2670","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.026393-0","article-title":"Elizabethkingia anophelis sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae","volume":"61","author":"K\u00e4mpfer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1266-9","article-title":"Estimating bacteria diversity in different organs of nine species of mosquito by next generation sequencing","volume":"18","author":"Mancini","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2013.09.003","article-title":"Two putative protein export regulators promote plasmodium blood stage development in vivo","volume":"191","author":"Matz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e173","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030173","article-title":"A model of bacterial intestinal infections in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"3","author":"Nehme","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0309-z","article-title":"Microorganisms in the reproductive tissues of arthropods","volume":"18","author":"Perlmutter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.11.010","article-title":"Insecticide resistance in African Anopheles mosquitoes: a worsening situation that needs urgent action to maintain malaria control","volume":"32","author":"Ranson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0406","article-title":"The ongoing revolution of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for microbiology reaches tropical Africa","volume":"92","author":"Raoult","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2018.08.005","article-title":"Genomics as a service: a joint computing and networking perspective","volume":"145","author":"Reali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2010.08.002","article-title":"An insight into the sialome of blood-feeding Nematocera","volume":"40","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0549-8","article-title":"Differential antibody response to the Anopheles gambiae gSG6 and cE5 salivary proteins in individuals naturally exposed to bites of malaria vectors","volume":"7","author":"Rizzo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17980","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017980","article-title":"Humoral response to the Anopheles gambiae salivary protein gSG6: a serological indicator of exposure to Afrotropical malaria vectors","volume":"6","author":"Rizzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.1996.tb00021.x","article-title":"Simple and versatile electrotransformation of Serratia marcescens Sr41","volume":"23","author":"Sakural","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5545-0","article-title":"An insight into the sialotranscriptome and virome of Amazonian anophelines","volume":"20","author":"Scarpassa","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2908","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05374-3","article-title":"A mosquito salivary gland protein partially inhibits plasmodium sporozoite cell traversal and transmission","volume":"9","author":"Schleicher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.01.024","article-title":"The enhancement of arbovirus transmission and disease by mosquito saliva is associated with modulation of the host immune response","volume":"102","author":"Schneider","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-235","article-title":"Salivary glands harbor more diverse microbial communities than gut in Anopheles culicifacies","volume":"7","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2012.01168.x","article-title":"Reduction of malaria transmission by transgenic mosquitoes expressing an antisporozoite antibody in their salivary glands","volume":"22","author":"Sumitani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1776-y","article-title":"Use of MALDI-TOF MS and culturomics to identify mosquitoes and their midgut microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Tandina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01500","article-title":"Dynamics of bacterial community composition in the malaria Mosquito\u2019s epithelia","volume":"6","author":"Tchioffo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81663","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081663","article-title":"Modulation of malaria infection in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes exposed to natural midgut bacteria","volume":"8","author":"Tchioffo","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2021.1084.1090","article-title":"The metagenomic analysis of potential pathogenic emerging Bacteria in fleas","volume":"24","author":"Victoria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pak. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2023.111543","article-title":"The microbiota, the malarial parasite, and the mosquito [MMM] \u2013 a three-sided relationship","volume":"253","author":"Vinayagam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.03.056","article-title":"Stable high-density and maternally inherited Wolbachia infections in Anopheles moucheti and Anopheles demeilloni mosquitoes","volume":"31","author":"Walker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan5478","article-title":"Driving mosquito refractoriness to plasmodium falciparum with engineered symbiotic bacteria","volume":"357","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12734","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204158109","article-title":"Fighting malaria with engineered symbiotic bacteria from vector mosquitoes","volume":"109","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24767","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024767","article-title":"Dynamic gut microbiome across life history of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae in Kenya","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1969","article-title":"Wolbachia: master manipulators of invertebrate biology","volume":"6","author":"Werren","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref67","volume-title":"World malaria report 2022","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2010.01000.x","article-title":"Flying vaccinator; a transgenic mosquito delivers a Leishmania vaccine via blood feeding","volume":"19","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2011.01128.x","article-title":"Induction of antisporozoite antibodies by biting of transgenic Anopheles stephensi delivering malarial antigen via blood feeding","volume":"21","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1407-9","article-title":"Incompatible and sterile insect techniques combined eliminate mosquitoes","volume":"572","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1157613\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T06:16:51Z","timestamp":1689661011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1157613\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1157613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1157613","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-302X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-302X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]]},"article-number":"1157613"}}