{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:12:02Z","timestamp":1793146322739,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vibriosis causes enormous economic losses of marine fish. The present study investigated the intestinal microbial response to acute infection of half-smooth tongue sole with different-dose\n                      <jats:italic>Vibrio alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      within 72\u2009h by metagenomic sequencing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The inoculation amount of\n                      <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      for the control, low-dose, moderate-dose, and high-dose groups were 0, 8.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009101, 8.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009104, and 8.5\u2009\u00d7\u2009107 cells\/g respectively, the infected fish were farmed in an automatic seawater circulation system under a relatively stable temperature, dissolved oxygen and photoperiod, and 3\u2009~\u20096 intestinal samples per group with high-quality DNA assay were used for metagenomics analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The acute infections with\n                      <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      at high, medium, and low doses caused the change of different-type leukocytes at 24\u2009h, whereas the joint action of monocytes and neutrophils to cope with the pathogen infection only occurred in the high-dose group at 72\u2009h. The metagenomic results suggest that a high-dose\n                      <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection can significantly alter the intestinal microbiota, decrease the microbial \u03b1-diversity, and increase the bacteria from Vibrio and Shewanella, including various potential pathogens at 24\u2009h. High-abundance species of potential pathogens such as\n                      <jats:italic>V. harveyii<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>V. parahaemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>V. vulnificus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>V. scophthalmi<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibited significant positive correlations with\n                      <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The function analysis revealed that the high-dose inflection group could increase the genes closely related to pathogen infection, involved in cell motility, cell wall\/ membrane\/envelope biogenesis, material transport and metabolism, and the pathways of quorum sensing, biofilm formation, flagellar assembly, bacterial chemotaxis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistances mainly from Vibrios within 72\u2009h.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      It indicates that the half-smooth tongue sole is highly likely to be a secondary infection with intestinal potential pathogens, especially species from\n                      <jats:italic>Vibrio<\/jats:italic>\n                      and that the disease could become even more complicated because of the accumulation and transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes in intestinal bacteria during the process of\n                      <jats:italic>V. alginolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      intensified infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1178575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]],"date-time":"2023-05-15T01:11:20Z","timestamp":1684113080000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Population response of intestinal microbiota to acute Vibrio alginolyticus infection in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yaotong","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yitong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guixing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongwei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunguang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jilun","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1111\/jfd.13164","article-title":"The nature and consequences of co-infections in tilapia: a review","volume":"43","author":"Abdel-Latif","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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