{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T17:58:25Z","timestamp":1785261505262,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atypical <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> forms exhibit unusual characteristics compared to typical strains. The H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S-producing variants of some atypical <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> strains cause a wide range of illnesses in humans and animals. However, there are sparse reports on such strains worldwide. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and detailed characterization of four H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S-producing <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> variants from poultry and human clinical sources in Dhaka, Bangladesh. All four isolates were confirmed as <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> using biochemical tests and genomic analysis, and were multidrug-resistant (MDR). WGS analysis including an additional Chinese strain, revealed diverse STs among the five H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S-producing <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> genomes, with clonal complex ST10 being detected in 2 out of 5 genomes. The predominant phylogroup detected was group A (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20094\/5). The <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>TEM1B<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095\/5) was the most predominant extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gene, followed by different alleles of <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub> -55,-65,-123; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093\/5). Multiple plasmid replicons were detected, with IncX being the most common. One <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> strain was classified as enteropathogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>. The genomes of all five isolates harbored five primary and four secondary function genes related to H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S production. These findings suggest the potential of these isolates to cause disease and spread antibiotic resistance. Therefore, such atypical <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> forms should be included in differential diagnosis to understand the pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and evolution of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S-producing <jats:italic>E. coli.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1206757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]],"date-time":"2023-07-27T21:23:17Z","timestamp":1690492997000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing variants of Escherichia coli"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Razib","family":"Mazumder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arif","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mustafizur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jody E.","family":"Phelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Campino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taane G.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data","author":"Andrews","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W16","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw387","article-title":"PHASTER: a better, faster version of the PHAST phage search tool","volume":"44","author":"Arndt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e03339","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03339-19","article-title":"Genome dynamics of Vibrio cholerae isolates linked to seasonal outbreaks of cholera in Dhaka, Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"Baddam","year":"2020","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021","article-title":"SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing","volume":"19","author":"Bankevich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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