{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:04:27Z","timestamp":1792677867820,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007957","name":"Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KJZD-K202100407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJZD-K202100407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004374","name":"Chongqing Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity and diabetes are common chronic metabolic disorders which can cause an imbalance of the intestinal flora and gut-liver metabolism. Several studies have shown that probiotics, including<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>Nissle 1917 (EcN), promote microbial balance and metabolic health. However, there are no studies on how EcN outer membrane vesicles (EcN-OMVs) influence the intestinal microflora and affect the metabolic disorders of obesity and diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we evaluated the effects of EcN-OMVs on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and HFD\u2009+\u2009streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>EcN-OMVs could reduce body weight, decrease blood glucose, and increase plasma insulin in obese mice. Similarly, EcN-OMVs treatment could modify the ratio of<jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>Bacteroidetes<\/jats:italic>in the gut, elevate intestinal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing flora, and influence the SCFA content of the intestine. Furthermore, the intestinal metabolites ornithine and fumaric acid, hepatic \u03c9-6 unsaturated fatty acids, and SCFAs were significantly increased after administering EcN-OMVs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, this study showed that EcN-OMVs might act as post-biotic agents that could modulate gut-liver metabolism and ameliorate the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1219763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,17]],"date-time":"2023-08-17T00:51:10Z","timestamp":1692233470000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917-derived outer membrane vesicles modulate the intestinal microbiome and host gut-liver metabolome in obese and diabetic mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DongXue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ShanHu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XingYu","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Cannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Li","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.201300328","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles from the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917","volume":"14","author":"Aguilera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01610","article-title":"Microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles as new systemic regulators","volume":"8","author":"Ahmadi Badi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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