{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:08:03Z","timestamp":1790633283674,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and eradication have been reported to cause dysbiosis of the oral microbiota. Probiotics are increasingly being used to maintain the balance of the oral microbiota. We aimed to investigate the effects of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication with vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy, and probiotics supplementation on the oral microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> positive patients were randomly assigned to a vonoprazan-amoxicillin regimen plus probiotics (BtT group) or the placebo (PT group) for 14\u2009days. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> negative population served as normal controls. Tongue coating samples were collected from 60 <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> positive patients at three time points (before <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication, after <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication, and at confirmation of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection cure) and 20 <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> negative subjects. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the oral microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> was detected in the oral cavity in positive (34\/60), negative (7\/20), and eradicated (1\/60) subjects using high-throughput sequencing. Compared with normal controls, <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> positive patients exhibited higher richness (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.012) and comparable diversity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.075) of oral microbiota. Beta diversity and KEGG analysis showed oral flora composition and function differences in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> positive and negative subjects. Alpha diversity dramatically decreased after <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication and modestly increased with confirmation of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication. Beta diversity and LEfSe analysis revealed distinct structures, and KEGG analysis showed distinct signaling pathways of tongue coating flora at three time points. There was a significant reduction of Firmicutes and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> after <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> erdication. The PT group and BtT group had identical compositional and functional differences of oral microbiota at three time points.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>No substantial link existed between oral and stomach <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>, while removing gastric <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> helped eliminate oral <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy affected oral microbiota diversity, structure, and function. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication demonstrated a suppressive impact on the proliferation of oral pathogens, specifically Firmicutes and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>. Nevertheless, probiotics supplementation did not reduce the oral microbial disturbance caused by <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/<\/jats:ext-link>, identifiers CHICTR2200060023.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1273709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T04:31:16Z","timestamp":1696307476000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication with vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy combined with probiotics on oral microbiota: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruolin","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e134941","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134941","article-title":"Effects of long term antibiotic therapy on human oral and fecal viromes","volume":"10","author":"Abeles","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-011-9892-7","article-title":"Oral microbiome and oral and gastrointestinal cancer risk","volume":"23","author":"Ahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261369","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/261369","article-title":"Oral cavity as an extragastric reservoir of Helicobacter pylori","volume":"2014","author":"Al","year":"2014","journal-title":"Isrn Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.05.026","article-title":"Association of oral Helicobacter pylori with gastric complications","volume":"205","author":"Ansari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2010.00989.x","article-title":"The effectiveness of systemic eradication therapy against oral Helicobacter pylori","volume":"40","author":"Bago","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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