{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T01:15:45Z","timestamp":1793927745159,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lyme disease (LD) results from the most prevalent tick-borne infection in North America, with over 476,000 estimated cases annually. The disease is caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) sensu lato<\/jats:italic>\n                    which transmits through the bite of Ixodid ticks. Most cases treated soon after infection are resolved by a short course of oral antibiotics. However, 10\u201320% of patients experience chronic symptoms because of delayed or incomplete treatment, a condition called Post-Treatment Lyme Disease (PTLD). Some\n                    <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    persists in PTLD patients after the initial course of antibiotics and an effective treatment to eradicate the persistent\n                    <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    is needed. Other organisms that cause persistent infections, such as\n                    <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are cleared using a combination of therapies rather than monotherapy. A group of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs previously shown to be efficacious against\n                    <jats:italic>Bb in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    were used in monotherapy or in combination in mice infected with\n                    <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Different methods of detection were used to assess the efficacy of the treatments in the infected mice including culture, xenodiagnosis, and molecular techniques. None of the monotherapies eradicated persistent\n                    <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, 4 dual combinations (doxycycline + ceftriaxone, dapsone + rifampicin, dapsone + clofazimine, doxycycline + cefotaxime) and 3 triple combinations (doxycycline + ceftriaxone+ carbomycin, doxycycline + cefotaxime+ loratadine, dapsone+ rifampicin+ clofazimine) eradicated persistent\n                    <jats:italic>Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections. These results suggest that combination therapy should be investigated in preclinical studies for treating human Lyme disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1293300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T11:06:26Z","timestamp":1700737586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Superior efficacy of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy in a mouse model of Lyme disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yasir","family":"Alruwaili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary B.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole R.","family":"Hasenkampf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda C.","family":"Tardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine E.","family":"McDaniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica E.","family":"Embers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1183344","article-title":"Lyme disease and the pursuit of a clinical cure","volume":"10","author":"Adkison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. 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